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2018 National Employment Matrix title and code |
Typical education needed for entry |
Work experience in a related occupation |
Typical on-the-job training needed to attain competency in the occupation |
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Chief executives |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
General and operations managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Legislators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Advertising and promotions managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Marketing managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Sales managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Public relations and fundraising managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Administrative services managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Computer and information systems managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Financial managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Industrial production managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Purchasing managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
5 years or more |
None |
Compensation and benefits managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Human resources managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Training and development managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
5 years or more |
None |
Construction managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Education administrators, preschool and childcare center/program |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Education administrators, elementary and secondary school |
|
Master's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Education administrators, postsecondary |
|
Master's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Education administrators, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Architectural and engineering managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Food service managers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Funeral service managers |
|
Associate's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Gaming managers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Lodging managers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Medical and health services managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Natural sciences managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Postmasters and mail superintendents |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Property, real estate, and community association managers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Social and community service managers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Emergency management directors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Managers, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Buyers and purchasing agents |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Insurance appraisers, auto damage |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Compliance officers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Cost estimators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Human resources specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Farm labor contractors |
|
No formal educational credential |
Less than 5 years |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Labor relations specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Logisticians |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Management analysts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Meeting, convention, and event planners |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Fundraisers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Training and development specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Market research analysts and marketing specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Business operations specialists, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Accountants and auditors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Appraisers and assessors of real estate |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Budget analysts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Credit analysts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Financial analysts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Personal financial advisors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Insurance underwriters |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Financial examiners |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Credit counselors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Loan officers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tax preparers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Financial specialists, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Computer and information research scientists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Computer systems analysts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Information security analysts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Computer programmers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Software developers, applications |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Software developers, systems software |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Web developers |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Database administrators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Network and computer systems administrators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Computer network architects |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Computer user support specialists |
|
Some college, no degree |
None |
None |
Computer network support specialists |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Computer occupations, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Actuaries |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Mathematicians |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Operations research analysts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Statisticians |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Miscellaneous mathematical science occupations |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Architects, except landscape and naval |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Landscape architects |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Cartographers and photogrammetrists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Surveyors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Aerospace engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Agricultural engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Biomedical engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Chemical engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Civil engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Computer hardware engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Electrical engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Electronics engineers, except computer |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Environmental engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Industrial engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Marine engineers and naval architects |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Materials engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Mechanical engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Nuclear engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Petroleum engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Engineers, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Architectural and civil drafters |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Electrical and electronics drafters |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Mechanical drafters |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Drafters, all other |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Civil engineering technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Electrical and electronics engineering technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Electro-mechanical technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Environmental engineering technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Industrial engineering technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Mechanical engineering technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Surveying and mapping technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Animal scientists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Food scientists and technologists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Soil and plant scientists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Biochemists and biophysicists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Microbiologists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Zoologists and wildlife biologists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Biological scientists, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Conservation scientists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Foresters |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Epidemiologists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Medical scientists, except epidemiologists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Life scientists, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Astronomers |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Physicists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Atmospheric and space scientists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Chemists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Materials scientists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Environmental scientists and specialists, including health |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Hydrologists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Physical scientists, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Economists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Survey researchers |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Industrial-organizational psychologists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Psychologists, all other |
|
Master's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Sociologists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Urban and regional planners |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Anthropologists and archeologists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Geographers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Historians |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Political scientists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Social scientists and related workers, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Agricultural and food science technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Biological technicians |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Chemical technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Geological and petroleum technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Nuclear technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Social science research assistants |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Environmental science and protection technicians, including health |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Forensic science technicians |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Forest and conservation technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Educational, guidance, school, and vocational counselors |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Marriage and family therapists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Rehabilitation counselors |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Counselors, all other |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Child, family, and school social workers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Healthcare social workers |
|
Master's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Mental health and substance abuse social workers |
|
Master's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Social workers, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Health educators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Social and human service assistants |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Community health workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Community and social service specialists, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Clergy |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Directors, religious activities and education |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Religious workers, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Lawyers |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Judicial law clerks |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
5 years or more |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
5 years or more |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Paralegals and legal assistants |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Court reporters |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Legal support workers, all other |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Business teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Computer science teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Architecture teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Engineering teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Biological science teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Chemistry teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Environmental science teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Physics teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Economics teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Geography teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Political science teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Psychology teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Sociology teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Health specialties teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Education teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Library science teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Law teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Social work teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Communications teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
English language and literature teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
History teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Graduate teaching assistants |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Home economics teachers, postsecondary |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Vocational education teachers, postsecondary |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Postsecondary teachers, all other |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Preschool teachers, except special education |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Kindergarten teachers, except special education |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Elementary school teachers, except special education |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Career/technical education teachers, middle school |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Career/technical education teachers, secondary school |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Special education teachers, preschool |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Special education teachers, middle school |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Special education teachers, secondary school |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Special education teachers, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Self-enrichment education teachers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Teachers and Instructors, All Other, Except Substitute Teachers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Substitute Teachers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Archivists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Curators |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Museum technicians and conservators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Librarians |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Library technicians |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Audio-visual and multimedia collections specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Farm and home management advisors |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Instructional coordinators |
|
Master's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Teacher assistants |
|
Some college, no degree |
None |
None |
Education, training, and library workers, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Art directors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
5 years or more |
None |
Craft artists |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Multimedia artists and animators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Artists and related workers, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Commercial and industrial designers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Fashion designers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Floral designers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Graphic designers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Interior designers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Set and exhibit designers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Designers, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Actors |
|
Some college, no degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Producers and directors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Athletes and sports competitors |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Coaches and scouts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Dancers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Choreographers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
5 years or more |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Music directors and composers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Musicians and singers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Radio and television announcers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Public address system and other announcers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Broadcast news analysts |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Reporters and correspondents |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Public relations specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Editors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Technical writers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Writers and authors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Interpreters and translators |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Media and communication workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Audio and video equipment technicians |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Broadcast technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Radio operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Sound engineering technicians |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Photographers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Film and video editors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Media and communication equipment workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Chiropractors |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Dentists, general |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Orthodontists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Prosthodontists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Dentists, all other specialists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Dietitians and nutritionists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Optometrists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Pharmacists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Anesthesiologists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Family and general practitioners |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Internists, general |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Obstetricians and gynecologists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Pediatricians, general |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Psychiatrists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Surgeons |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Physicians and surgeons, all other |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Physician assistants |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Podiatrists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Occupational therapists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Physical therapists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Radiation therapists |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Recreational therapists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Respiratory therapists |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Speech-language pathologists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Exercise physiologists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Therapists, all other |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Veterinarians |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Registered nurses |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Nurse anesthetists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Nurse midwives |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Nurse practitioners |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Audiologists |
|
Doctoral or professional degree |
None |
None |
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Dental hygienists |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Cardiovascular technologists and technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Diagnostic medical sonographers |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Nuclear medicine technologists |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Radiologic technologists |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Magnetic resonance imaging technologists |
|
Associate's degree |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Dietetic technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Pharmacy technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Psychiatric technicians |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
Less than 5 years |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Respiratory therapy technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Surgical technologists |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Veterinary technologists and technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Ophthalmic medical technicians |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Medical records and health information technicians |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Opticians, dispensing |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Orthotists and prosthetists |
|
Master's degree |
None |
Internship/residency |
Hearing aid specialists |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Health technologists and technicians, all other |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Occupational health and safety specialists |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Occupational health and safety technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Athletic trainers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Genetic counselors |
|
Master's degree |
None |
None |
Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Home health aides |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Psychiatric aides |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Nursing assistants |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Orderlies |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Occupational therapy assistants |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Occupational therapy aides |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Physical therapist assistants |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Physical therapist aides |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Massage therapists |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Dental assistants |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Medical assistants |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Medical equipment preparers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Medical transcriptionists |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Pharmacy aides |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Phlebotomists |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Healthcare support workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
None |
First-line supervisors of correctional officers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
First-line supervisors of police and detectives |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Firefighters |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Fire inspectors and investigators |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
5 years or more |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Bailiffs |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Correctional officers and jailers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Detectives and criminal investigators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Fish and game wardens |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Parking enforcement workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Police and sheriff's patrol officers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Transit and railroad police |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Animal control workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Private detectives and investigators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Security guards |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Crossing guards |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Transportation security screeners |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Protective service workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Chefs and head cooks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
5 years or more |
None |
First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Cooks, fast food |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Cooks, institution and cafeteria |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Cooks, private household |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Cooks, restaurant |
|
No formal educational credential |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Cooks, short order |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Cooks, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Food preparation workers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Bartenders |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Waiters and waitresses |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Food servers, nonrestaurant |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Dishwashers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Food preparation and serving related workers, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Maids and housekeeping cleaners |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Building cleaning workers, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Pest control workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tree trimmers and pruners |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Grounds maintenance workers, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of gaming workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
First-line supervisors of personal service workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Animal trainers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Nonfarm animal caretakers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Gaming dealers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Gaming and sports book writers and runners |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Gaming service workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Motion picture projectionists |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Amusement and recreation attendants |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Costume attendants |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Embalmers |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Funeral attendants |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Barbers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Makeup artists, theatrical and performance |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Manicurists and pedicurists |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Shampooers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Skincare specialists |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Baggage porters and bellhops |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Concierges |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tour and travel guides |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Childcare workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Personal care aides |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Recreation workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Residential advisors |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Personal care and service workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of retail sales workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Cashiers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Gaming change persons and booth cashiers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Counter and rental clerks |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Parts salespersons |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Retail salespersons |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Advertising sales agents |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Insurance sales agents |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Travel agents |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Sales representatives, services, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Demonstrators and product promoters |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Models |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
None |
Real estate brokers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Real estate sales agents |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Sales engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Telemarketers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Sales and related workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
None |
First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Switchboard operators, including answering service |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Telephone operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Communications equipment operators, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Bill and account collectors |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Billing and posting clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks |
|
Some college, no degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Gaming cage workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Payroll and timekeeping clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Procurement clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tellers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Financial clerks, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Brokerage clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Correspondence clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Court, municipal, and license clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Customer service representatives |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Eligibility interviewers, government programs |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
File clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Library assistants, clerical |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Loan interviewers and clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
New accounts clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Order clerks |
|
Some college, no degree |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Receptionists and information clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Information and record clerks, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Cargo and freight agents |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Couriers and messengers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Meter readers, utilities |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Postal service clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Postal service mail carriers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Production, planning, and expediting clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Stock clerks and order fillers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Legal secretaries |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Medical secretaries |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Computer operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Data entry keyers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Word processors and typists |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Desktop publishers |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Office clerks, general |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Office machine operators, except computer |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Proofreaders and copy markers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Statistical assistants |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
None |
Office and administrative support workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Agricultural inspectors |
|
Bachelor's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Animal breeders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Graders and sorters, agricultural products |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Agricultural equipment operators |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Agricultural workers, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Fishing and hunting workers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Forest and conservation workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Fallers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Logging equipment operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Log graders and scalers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Logging workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
5 years or more |
None |
Boilermakers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Brickmasons and blockmasons |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Stonemasons |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Carpenters |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Carpet installers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Floor sanders and finishers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tile and marble setters |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Cement masons and concrete finishers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Terrazzo workers and finishers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Construction laborers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Pile-driver operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Drywall and ceiling tile installers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tapers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Electricians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Glaziers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Insulation workers, mechanical |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Painters, construction and maintenance |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Paperhangers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Pipelayers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Plasterers and stucco masons |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Roofers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Sheet metal workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Structural iron and steel workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Solar photovoltaic installers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--carpenters |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--electricians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--roofers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Helpers, construction trades, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Construction and building inspectors |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
5 years or more |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Elevator installers and repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Fence erectors |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Hazardous materials removal workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Highway maintenance workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Miscellaneous construction and related workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Derrick operators, oil and gas |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Earth drillers, except oil and gas |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Continuous mining machine operators |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Mine cutting and channeling machine operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Mining machine operators, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Rock splitters, quarry |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Roof bolters, mining |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Roustabouts, oil and gas |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--extraction workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Extraction workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers |
|
Some college, no degree |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Avionics technicians |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
None |
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Security and fire alarm systems installers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Automotive body and related repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Automotive glass installers and repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Automotive service technicians and mechanics |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Rail car repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Motorboat mechanics and service technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Motorcycle mechanics |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Bicycle repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Recreational vehicle service technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Tire repairers and changers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Mechanical door repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Home appliance repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Industrial machinery mechanics |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Maintenance workers, machinery |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Millwrights |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Electrical power-line installers and repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Telecommunications line installers and repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Camera and photographic equipment repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Medical equipment repairers |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Musical instrument repairers and tuners |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Apprenticeship |
Watch repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Maintenance and repair workers, general |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Wind turbine service technicians |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Commercial divers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Fabric menders, except garment |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Locksmiths and safe repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Manufactured building and mobile home installers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Riggers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Signal and track switch repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
First-line supervisors of production and operating workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Coil winders, tapers, and finishers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers, and finishers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Engine and other machine assemblers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Structural metal fabricators and fitters |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Fiberglass laminators and fabricators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Timing device assemblers and adjusters |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Assemblers and fabricators, all other, including team assemblers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Bakers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Butchers and meat cutters |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Slaughterers and meat packers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Food batchmakers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Food cooking machine operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Food processing workers, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Machinists |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Pourers and casters, metal |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Model makers, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Patternmakers, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Foundry mold and coremakers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tool and die makers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Layout workers, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Prepress technicians and workers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
None |
Printing press operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Print binding and finishing workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Sewing machine operators |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Shoe and leather workers and repairers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Shoe machine operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Sewers, hand |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Fabric and apparel patternmakers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Upholsterers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Furniture finishers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Model makers, wood |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Patternmakers, wood |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Woodworkers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Nuclear power reactor operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Power distributors and dispatchers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Power plant operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Stationary engineers and boiler operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Chemical plant and system operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Gas plant operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Plant and system operators, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Chemical equipment operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Grinding and polishing workers, hand |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Cutters and trimmers, hand |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Dental laboratory technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Medical appliance technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Ophthalmic laboratory technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Painters, transportation equipment |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Painting, coating, and decorating workers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Semiconductor processors |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Photographic process workers and processing machine operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Etchers and engravers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Tire builders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Helpers--production workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Production workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
First-Line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo handling supervisors |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers |
|
Bachelor's degree |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Commercial pilots |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Air traffic controllers |
|
Associate's degree |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Airfield operations specialists |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Long-term on-the-job training |
Flight attendants |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Bus drivers, transit and intercity |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Bus drivers, school or special client |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Driver/sales workers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Light truck or delivery services drivers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Motor vehicle operators, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Locomotive engineers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Locomotive firers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Railroad conductors and yardmasters |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Subway and streetcar operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Rail transportation workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Sailors and marine oilers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Motorboat operators |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Ship engineers |
|
Postsecondary nondegree award |
Less than 5 years |
None |
Bridge and lock tenders |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Parking lot attendants |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Automotive and watercraft service attendants |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Traffic technicians |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Transportation inspectors |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Transportation workers, all other |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Conveyor operators and tenders |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Crane and tower operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Dredge operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Loading machine operators, underground mining |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Hoist and winch operators |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Industrial truck and tractor operators |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Machine feeders and offbearers |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Packers and packagers, hand |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
None |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Wellhead pumpers |
|
High school diploma or equivalent |
Less than 5 years |
Moderate-term on-the-job training |
Refuse and recyclable material collectors |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Mine shuttle car operators |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Material moving workers, all other |
|
No formal educational credential |
None |
Short-term on-the-job training |
Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics For more information see Education and Training Data |
Last Modified Date: September 4, 2019