Labor supply and factors affecting productivity

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**Table 4.11 Labor supply and factors affecting productivity**
Category	Levels				Annual rate of change
Category	1998	2008	2018	2028	1998–08	2008–18	2018–28
Labor supply (in millions, unless noted)
Total population	276.2	304.4	327.5	350.9	1.0	0.7	0.7
Civilian noninstitutional population aged 16 and older	205.2	233.8	257.8	279.5	1.3	1.0	0.8
Civilian labor force	137.7	154.3	162.1	171.0	1.1	0.5	0.5
Civilian labor force participation rate (percent)	67.1	66.0	62.9	61.2	-0.2	-0.5	-0.3
Civilian household employment	131.5	145.4	155.8	163.2	1.0	0.7	0.5
Nonfarm payroll employment	126.1	137.2	149.1	157.0	0.8	0.8	0.5

Unemployment rate (percent)	4.5	5.8	3.9	4.6	2.6	-3.9	1.7
Productivity
Private nonfarm business output per hour (billions of chained 2012 dollars)	45.7	59.6	67.8	79.1	2.7	1.3	1.6
Source: Historical data: Bureau of Economic Analysis, Bureau of Census, Bureau of Labor Statistics; Projected data: Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Last Modified Date: September 4, 2019