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International Labor Comparisons

International Comparisons of Hourly Compensation Costs in Manufacturing Industries, 2008-2012

Technical Notes (PDF)
Country Notes and Data Sources (PDF

Elimination of ILC
  • BLS has eliminated the International Labor Comparisons (ILC) program. This is the last BLS release of international comparisons of hourly compensation costs.
  • BLS is aware of other organizations that have obtained the methodology and intend to produce ILC indicators similar to those done previously by BLS. Please see the announcement at www.bls.gov/ilc.

Related Links:

Table 1. United States, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
32.78 34.19 34.81 35.51 35.67

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
24.92 25.93 26.56 26.91 27.20

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
23.65 24.87 25.39 25.97 26.25

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
21.56 21.33 22.22 23.42 24.34

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
21.38 21.04 22.04 23.27 24.19

                    Textiles

13
22.28 21.89 22.84 23.60 24.17

                    Wearing apparel

14
19.86 19.66 20.72 22.61 24.09

Leather and related products

15
24.40 25.91 24.96 25.34 26.34

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
28.66 29.66 30.01 30.44 30.78

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
23.95 24.65 24.56 24.63 24.67

          Paper and paper products

17
34.02 34.55 35.31 36.42 36.99

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
28.35 29.28 29.49 29.62 30.15

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
45.99 52.55 52.89 53.71 55.85

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
42.46 41.40 42.75 42.42 42.52

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
38.08 39.01 41.24 40.48 39.48

          Pharmaceutical products

21
50.99 45.76 45.51 46.02 48.20

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
27.83 28.75 29.34 30.01 30.24

          Rubber and plastics products

22
27.50 28.76 28.97 29.37 29.60

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
28.35 28.74 30.01 31.15 31.37

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
30.18 31.09 31.59 32.19 32.25

          Basic metals

24
34.44 35.52 36.04 37.13 37.29

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
28.92 29.82 30.24 30.68 30.73

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
45.45 47.94 49.34 51.16 50.62

Electrical equipment

27
30.64 32.41 33.11 35.30 36.41

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
34.37 35.55 36.29 37.15 38.15

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
41.98 45.18 45.33 46.06 45.34

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
37.36 38.10 37.35 37.90 37.38

          Other transport equipment

30
47.11 51.46 53.60 54.75 54.35

Furniture

31
25.30 25.88 26.02 26.62 26.57

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 2a. Argentina, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
10.04 10.23 12.77 15.98 18.87

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
For Argentina, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 3.1.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 2b. Argentina, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
31.55 37.95 49.76 65.69 85.62

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
For Argentina, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 3.1.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 3a. Australia, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
35.91 33.42 39.68 46.47 47.68

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
32.80 30.06 35.35 40.78 41.21

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
31.87 29.04 33.93 38.95 39.15

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
34.53 31.44 36.71 41.73 41.40

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
29.84 26.91 30.97 36.47 37.56

          Paper and paper products

17
46.88 42.30 48.47 54.44 53.33

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
33.73 31.07 37.02 41.44 40.36

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
35.77 32.81 38.31 48.12 52.53

          Rubber and plastics products

22
36.20 33.19 38.72 50.58 57.02

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
35.30 32.43 37.94 45.88 48.45

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
38.00 35.31 41.61 48.64 50.05

          Basic metals

24
45.92 43.11 50.77 59.77 62.15

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
33.59 31.12 36.90 42.79 43.55

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
36.76 35.05 42.73 51.67 54.34

          Other transport equipment

30
37.45 33.06 37.17 44.96 47.28

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 3b. Australia, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
42.06 42.16 43.13 44.98 46.02

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
38.42 37.92 38.42 39.47 39.78

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
37.33 36.64 36.88 37.70 37.79

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
40.45 39.67 39.90 40.39 39.96

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
34.95 33.95 33.67 35.30 36.26

          Paper and paper products

17
54.92 53.36 52.69 52.69 51.48

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
39.51 39.19 40.24 40.11 38.96

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
41.90 41.39 41.65 46.57 50.71

          Rubber and plastics products

22
42.40 41.87 42.09 48.96 55.05

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
41.35 40.91 41.24 44.41 46.77

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
44.52 44.55 45.23 47.08 48.31

          Basic metals

24
53.79 54.38 55.19 57.85 60.00

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
39.35 39.26 40.11 41.42 42.04

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
43.06 44.22 46.44 50.01 52.46

          Other transport equipment

30
43.86 41.70 40.41 43.51 45.64

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 4a. Austria, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
42.86 42.62 39.98 43.23 41.53

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
33.82 33.25 31.69 33.78 32.46

          Food and beverages

10-11
33.16 32.22 31.10 33.18 31.88

                    Food products

10
31.29 30.35 29.29 31.36 30.10

                    Beverages

11
43.87 43.54 42.23 44.45 42.84

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
31.99 32.25 30.89 33.26 31.98

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
32.78 32.89 31.71 34.16 33.03

                    Textiles

13
35.77 34.94 33.29 36.09 34.64

                    Wearing apparel

14
29.09 30.37 29.69 31.47 30.82

Leather and related products

15
28.90 29.98 28.08 30.24 28.82

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
40.05 39.23 37.44 40.04 38.12

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
33.43 32.75 31.48 34.11 32.55

          Paper and paper products

17
47.42 46.94 44.87 48.22 45.82

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
45.68 43.62 41.61 43.50 41.23

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
52.16 50.90 49.19 53.17 51.42

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
52.50 52.24 49.70 54.07 53.12

          Pharmaceutical products

21
51.85 48.84 48.65 52.04 49.14

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
41.31 40.56 38.12 41.57 39.58

          Rubber and plastics products

22
38.76 38.04 35.96 39.42 37.23

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
43.36 42.65 39.92 43.42 41.67

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
43.24 43.15 40.09 43.77 41.52

          Basic metals

24
50.63 51.30 46.11 50.72 47.91

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
39.32 39.05 36.89 40.09 38.20

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
52.62 53.34 47.27 51.87 49.16

Electrical equipment

27
48.58 49.47 45.40 47.86 45.85

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
45.88 45.69 42.92 46.27 45.09

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
48.31 50.30 44.30 48.96 46.81

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
48.07 49.43 43.16 47.95 46.05

          Other transport equipment

30
48.53 53.03 50.08 54.10 50.45

Furniture

31
31.88 30.92 29.63 32.00 30.40

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 4b. Austria, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
29.10 30.58 30.15 31.03 32.30

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
22.97 23.86 23.89 24.25 25.24

          Food and beverages

10-11
22.52 23.12 23.45 23.81 24.79

                    Food products

10
21.25 21.78 22.09 22.51 23.41

                    Beverages

11
29.79 31.25 31.84 31.90 33.32

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
21.73 23.14 23.29 23.87 24.87

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
22.26 23.60 23.92 24.52 25.68

                    Textiles

13
24.29 25.07 25.10 25.91 26.94

                    Wearing apparel

14
19.75 21.79 22.39 22.59 23.96

Leather and related products

15
19.63 21.52 21.18 21.71 22.41

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
27.19 28.15 28.23 28.74 29.64

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
22.70 23.50 23.74 24.49 25.32

          Paper and paper products

17
32.20 33.69 33.83 34.61 35.63

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
31.02 31.30 31.37 31.22 32.06

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
35.42 36.53 37.09 38.17 39.99

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
35.65 37.49 37.48 38.81 41.31

          Pharmaceutical products

21
35.21 35.05 36.69 37.36 38.21

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
28.05 29.11 28.74 29.84 30.78

          Rubber and plastics products

22
26.32 27.30 27.12 28.29 28.96

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
29.45 30.61 30.11 31.17 32.41

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
29.36 30.96 30.23 31.42 32.29

          Basic metals

24
34.38 36.82 34.77 36.41 37.26

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
26.70 28.02 27.82 28.77 29.71

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
35.73 38.28 35.65 37.23 38.23

Electrical equipment

27
32.99 35.50 34.24 34.36 35.65

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
31.15 32.79 32.37 33.21 35.06

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
32.81 36.09 33.41 35.14 36.40

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
32.64 35.47 32.55 34.42 35.81

          Other transport equipment

30
32.96 38.05 37.77 38.84 39.23

Furniture

31
21.65 22.19 22.34 22.97 23.64

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 5a. Belgium, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
53.88 52.27 50.72 54.76 52.19

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA 46.10 44.94 48.53 46.24

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA 46.08 44.93 48.52 46.22

                    Food products

10
NA 44.79 43.59 47.06 44.84

                    Beverages

11
NA 54.88 53.73 58.03 55.14

          Tobacco products

12
NA 45.86 44.86 48.60 46.41

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA 40.64 39.46 42.86 41.20

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA 40.50 39.32 42.69 40.99

                    Textiles

13
NA 41.36 39.92 43.46 41.89

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA 37.47 36.63 39.46 37.51

Leather and related products

15
NA 43.98 42.77 46.12 43.80

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA 46.65 45.33 49.05 46.77

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA 38.72 37.33 40.37 38.38

          Paper and paper products

17
NA 52.58 50.91 55.46 53.30

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA 48.38 47.02 50.65 48.08

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA 67.81 65.94 71.83 68.64

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA 66.32 64.55 70.36 67.32

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA 71.47 69.13 75.26 71.79

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA 48.80 47.34 51.38 49.10

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA 48.15 46.87 51.17 49.03

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA 49.36 47.74 51.45 49.09

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA 50.20 48.55 52.14 49.62

          Basic metals

24
NA 58.56 57.11 61.48 58.47

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA 44.26 42.75 45.97 43.69

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA 55.37 54.25 58.32 55.33

Electrical equipment

27
NA 50.05 48.93 52.47 49.87

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA 48.60 47.45 50.94 48.45

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA 58.42 56.52 60.75 57.63

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA 59.44 57.42 61.72 58.52

          Other transport equipment

30
NA 53.39 52.22 56.15 53.42

Furniture

31
NA 38.04 36.84 39.88 37.85

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 5b. Belgium, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
36.59 37.51 38.25 39.31 40.58

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA 33.08 33.89 34.84 35.96

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA 33.07 33.88 34.83 35.95

                    Food products

10
NA 32.14 32.87 33.78 34.87

                    Beverages

11
NA 39.38 40.51 41.65 42.88

          Tobacco products

12
NA 32.91 33.83 34.88 36.09

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA 29.17 29.76 30.76 32.04

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA 29.06 29.65 30.64 31.87

                    Textiles

13
NA 29.68 30.10 31.20 32.58

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA 26.89 27.62 28.32 29.17

Leather and related products

15
NA 31.56 32.26 33.11 34.06

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA 33.48 34.19 35.21 36.37

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA 27.79 28.15 28.98 29.85

          Paper and paper products

17
NA 37.74 38.39 39.81 41.45

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA 34.72 35.46 36.36 37.39

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA 48.66 49.73 51.56 53.38

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA 47.59 48.68 50.51 52.35

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA 51.29 52.13 54.02 55.83

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA 35.02 35.70 36.88 38.18

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA 34.55 35.34 36.73 38.13

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA 35.42 36.00 36.93 38.18

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA 36.03 36.61 37.43 38.58

          Basic metals

24
NA 42.02 43.07 44.13 45.47

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA 31.76 32.24 33.00 33.98

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA 39.74 40.91 41.86 43.03

Electrical equipment

27
NA 35.92 36.90 37.66 38.79

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA 34.87 35.78 36.56 37.68

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA 41.92 42.62 43.61 44.82

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA 42.65 43.30 44.30 45.51

          Other transport equipment

30
NA 38.31 39.38 40.31 41.54

Furniture

31
NA 27.30 27.78 28.63 29.43

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 6a. Brazil, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
8.44 8.13 10.01 11.67 11.20

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
6.31 6.34 7.71 9.18 8.81

          Food and beverages

10-11
6.22 6.25 7.61 9.07 8.70

                    Food products

10
5.92 5.99 7.34 8.80 8.44

                    Beverages

11
9.36 9.07 10.39 11.97 11.47

          Tobacco products

12
11.22 11.83 14.40 16.53 16.23

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
3.98 3.92 4.79 5.51 5.32

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
4.06 4.02 4.86 5.70 5.52

                    Textiles

13
5.54 5.42 6.81 7.83 7.60

                    Wearing apparel

14
3.31 3.36 3.99 4.75 4.61

Leather and related products

15
3.82 3.69 4.62 5.08 4.87

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
7.19 6.93 8.75 9.84 9.49

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
4.49 4.18 5.41 6.44 6.27

          Paper and paper products

17
10.31 10.26 12.99 14.32 13.82

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
6.98 6.41 7.78 8.79 8.49

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
17.30 20.56 28.26 39.01 38.31

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
16.67 15.99 18.84 21.55 20.26

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
16.21 15.30 17.86 20.46 19.23

          Pharmaceutical products

21
17.90 17.97 21.65 24.89 23.40

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
7.16 6.74 8.25 9.64 9.24

          Rubber and plastics products

22
7.87 7.33 9.01 10.70 10.21

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
6.45 6.15 7.52 8.65 8.31

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
9.66 9.17 11.27 12.98 12.42

          Basic metals

24
14.26 13.90 16.61 19.48 18.58

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
7.30 6.90 8.69 9.98 9.56

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
11.16 11.83 14.44 16.81 16.01

Electrical equipment

27
10.91 10.16 14.01 14.70 14.00

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
11.08 10.50 13.21 15.26 14.58

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
14.61 13.88 16.73 19.99 18.78

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
14.50 13.98 16.89 20.01 18.80

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
4.46 4.19 5.40 6.10 6.05

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 6b. Brazil, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
15.46 16.24 17.62 19.52 21.89

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
11.57 12.67 13.58 15.35 17.20

          Food and beverages

10-11
11.40 12.49 13.40 15.17 16.99

                    Food products

10
10.84 11.97 12.91 14.72 16.48

                    Beverages

11
17.15 18.12 18.29 20.01 22.41

          Tobacco products

12
20.57 23.63 25.35 27.64 31.71

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
7.30 7.83 8.43 9.21 10.39

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
7.43 8.02 8.56 9.53 10.78

                    Textiles

13
10.15 10.83 11.98 13.10 14.85

                    Wearing apparel

14
6.07 6.71 7.02 7.94 9.00

Leather and related products

15
7.00 7.38 8.13 8.49 9.52

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
13.17 13.85 15.40 16.45 18.53

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
8.23 8.34 9.52 10.77 12.25

          Paper and paper products

17
18.90 20.50 22.87 23.95 27.00

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
12.80 12.81 13.70 14.71 16.58

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
31.70 41.08 49.73 65.24 74.84

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
30.55 31.95 33.16 36.04 39.58

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
29.70 30.55 31.43 34.21 37.57

          Pharmaceutical products

21
32.81 35.90 38.10 41.63 45.71

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
13.12 13.47 14.53 16.12 18.04

          Rubber and plastics products

22
14.42 14.64 15.85 17.89 19.95

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
11.83 12.29 13.23 14.47 16.23

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
17.71 18.31 19.84 21.71 24.26

          Basic metals

24
26.13 27.78 29.24 32.58 36.30

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
13.37 13.79 15.29 16.69 18.68

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
20.46 23.64 25.41 28.10 31.28

Electrical equipment

27
20.00 20.29 24.66 24.57 27.35

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
20.30 20.98 23.25 25.52 28.48

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
26.78 27.72 29.45 33.43 36.69

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
26.57 27.92 29.73 33.46 36.72

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
8.17 8.37 9.51 10.21 11.82

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 7a. Canada, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
32.06 29.40 34.36 36.34 36.59

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 7b. Canada, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
34.18 33.56 35.39 35.93 36.58

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 8a. Czech Republic, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
12.23 11.42 11.42 12.71 11.95

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 8b. Czech Republic, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
208.75 217.78 218.05 224.99 233.95

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 9a. Denmark, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
49.70 48.60 47.93 51.67 48.47

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
49.27 46.96 45.36 48.36 44.67

          Food and beverages

10-11
49.21 47.00 45.45 48.49 44.77

                    Food products

10
48.95 46.68 45.11 48.27 44.51

                    Beverages

11
52.12 50.57 49.20 50.87 47.69

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
44.68 43.87 43.40 46.58 43.29

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
44.42 43.46 43.15 46.21 42.85

                    Textiles

13
44.12 43.19 42.45 46.03 42.95

                    Wearing apparel

14
45.29 44.21 45.16 46.71 42.55

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
47.03 45.29 44.55 47.43 44.51

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
43.16 41.88 40.39 43.50 40.00

          Paper and paper products

17
48.62 47.56 47.18 49.87 47.09

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
51.21 48.18 48.22 50.96 48.79

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
58.63 53.95 53.62 56.65 53.73

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
55.35 53.00 53.54 55.96 53.63

          Pharmaceutical products

21
66.27 63.80 63.43 69.78 67.09

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
49.63 48.32 46.88 50.74 47.41

          Rubber and plastics products

22
49.86 48.81 48.42 52.12 48.50

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
49.37 47.75 45.12 49.17 46.16

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
45.97 44.50 44.30 47.14 43.93

          Basic metals

24
44.96 43.41 42.78 45.64 43.41

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
46.15 44.70 44.57 47.41 44.02

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
51.16 50.40 52.67 56.82 53.54

Electrical equipment

27
48.53 47.89 46.25 50.89 48.73

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
48.94 48.10 48.63 52.22 50.05

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
47.59 46.93 46.77 48.66 45.61

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
45.16 44.12 43.45 44.82 43.87

          Other transport equipment

30
50.12 49.84 50.23 52.65 47.42

Furniture

31
44.05 44.45 41.93 43.95 42.14

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 9b. Denmark, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
252.90 260.36 269.68 276.61 280.75

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
250.71 251.59 255.24 258.89 258.73

          Food and beverages

10-11
250.40 251.79 255.71 259.58 259.34

                    Food products

10
249.07 250.08 253.83 258.42 257.82

                    Beverages

11
265.22 270.90 276.85 272.34 276.22

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
227.35 235.04 244.17 249.38 250.76

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
226.02 232.85 242.81 247.36 248.20

                    Textiles

13
224.48 231.41 238.84 246.40 248.80

                    Wearing apparel

14
230.46 236.87 254.12 250.09 246.43

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
239.29 242.62 250.64 253.93 257.83

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
219.64 224.37 227.27 232.86 231.69

          Paper and paper products

17
247.39 254.81 265.48 267.00 272.78

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
260.57 258.12 271.33 272.84 282.58

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
298.34 289.02 301.71 303.26 311.19

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
281.64 283.97 301.24 299.59 310.62

          Pharmaceutical products

21
337.23 341.78 356.88 373.56 388.58

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
252.55 258.85 263.76 271.66 274.59

          Rubber and plastics products

22
253.70 261.52 272.43 279.04 280.90

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
251.23 255.79 253.86 263.24 267.40

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
233.92 238.43 249.27 252.36 254.43

          Basic metals

24
228.76 232.58 240.69 244.35 251.43

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
234.83 239.46 250.80 253.79 254.96

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
260.34 270.01 296.32 304.16 310.09

Electrical equipment

27
246.96 256.55 260.22 272.43 282.25

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
249.03 257.68 273.64 279.54 289.91

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
242.18 251.44 263.18 260.52 264.17

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
229.79 236.37 244.48 239.94 254.10

          Other transport equipment

30
255.06 267.01 282.61 281.85 274.69

Furniture

31
224.15 238.15 235.90 235.26 244.11

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 10a. Estonia, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
10.56 10.03 9.47 10.42 10.41

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA 9.96 9.37 9.99 9.83

                    Food products

10
NA 9.23 8.69 9.31 9.20

                    Beverages

11
NA 15.39 14.88 16.07 15.42

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA 7.30 6.99 7.50 7.12

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA 7.28 7.00 7.51 7.09

                    Textiles

13
NA 8.41 8.49 8.86 8.16

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA 6.56 6.01 6.70 6.44

Leather and related products

15
NA 7.48 6.90 7.40 7.38

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA 10.61 10.20 11.27 11.17

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA 10.25 10.00 10.96 10.92

          Paper and paper products

17
NA 11.40 9.81 11.93 11.66

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA 11.78 11.26 12.46 12.10

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA 12.24 12.09 13.85 13.71

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA 11.85 11.12 12.49 12.32

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA 9.99 9.87 10.88 10.84

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA 13.41 12.27 14.15 13.84

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA 12.87 11.72 13.25 13.05

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA 10.16 9.15 10.21 10.40

Electrical equipment

27
NA 10.76 10.86 12.60 11.85

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA 12.30 11.60 13.26 13.50

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA 12.00 10.25 11.44 11.29

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA 9.02 8.54 9.25 9.11

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 10b. Estonia, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
112.91 112.89 111.85 # 7.48 8.09

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA 112.08 110.66 # 7.17 7.64

                    Food products

10
NA 103.87 102.66 # 6.68 7.16

                    Beverages

11
NA 173.27 175.68 # 11.54 11.99

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA 82.14 82.57 # 5.38 5.54

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA 81.91 82.69 # 5.39 5.51

                    Textiles

13
NA 94.72 100.23 # 6.36 6.35

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA 73.83 70.93 # 4.81 5.01

Leather and related products

15
NA 84.17 81.44 # 5.31 5.74

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA 119.41 120.39 # 8.09 8.68

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA 115.36 118.07 # 7.86 8.49

          Paper and paper products

17
NA 128.39 115.85 # 8.57 9.07

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA 132.58 132.90 # 8.95 9.41

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA 137.84 142.77 # 9.94 10.66

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA 133.40 131.32 # 8.97 9.58

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA 112.48 116.54 # 7.81 8.43

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA 150.91 144.90 # 10.16 10.77

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA 144.92 138.34 # 9.51 10.15

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA 114.36 108.02 # 7.33 8.09

Electrical equipment

27
NA 121.13 128.22 # 9.05 9.22

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA 138.46 136.91 # 9.52 10.50

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA 135.06 120.97 # 8.21 8.78

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA 101.52 100.85 # 6.64 7.08

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 11a. Finland, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
43.85 44.25 41.44 45.05 42.60

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 11b. Finland, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
29.78 31.75 31.25 32.34 33.13

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 12a. France, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
41.76 40.37 39.12 42.12 39.81

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
31.97 30.97 30.06 32.29 30.55

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
33.30 32.12 31.08 33.46 31.54

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
33.47 32.21 31.11 33.49 31.54

                    Textiles

13
32.67 31.36 30.26 32.63 30.73

                    Wearing apparel

14
34.40 33.21 32.10 34.49 32.47

Leather and related products

15
32.87 31.86 30.99 33.39 31.60

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
36.59 35.23 34.07 36.57 34.51

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
30.72 29.75 28.81 31.01 29.34

          Paper and paper products

17
39.44 37.96 36.81 39.58 37.46

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
38.77 37.23 35.81 38.29 35.93

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
56.62 54.95 53.33 57.49 54.28

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
54.32 52.64 51.08 55.11 52.03

          Pharmaceutical products

21
60.73 59.08 57.38 61.76 58.33

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
39.25 37.94 36.76 39.61 37.49

          Rubber and plastics products

22
38.60 37.33 36.21 39.05 36.94

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
40.11 38.64 37.36 40.19 38.04

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
39.61 38.19 36.96 39.84 37.71

          Basic metals

24
46.52 44.77 43.36 46.86 44.49

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
37.32 35.99 34.82 37.49 35.47

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
54.48 52.86 51.29 55.15 52.15

Electrical equipment

27
43.59 42.20 41.05 44.26 41.83

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
44.13 42.63 41.37 44.55 42.19

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
48.01 46.35 44.88 48.37 45.77

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
44.97 43.16 41.70 44.86 42.36

          Other transport equipment

30
53.97 52.58 51.20 55.33 52.59

Furniture

31
31.55 30.38 29.33 31.44 29.67

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 12b. France, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
28.36 28.97 29.50 30.23 30.96

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
21.71 22.23 22.66 23.18 23.75

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
22.61 23.05 23.43 24.01 24.53

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
22.73 23.12 23.46 24.04 24.52

                    Textiles

13
22.19 22.51 22.82 23.42 23.90

                    Wearing apparel

14
23.36 23.83 24.21 24.76 25.25

Leather and related products

15
22.32 22.86 23.37 23.97 24.58

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
24.85 25.28 25.69 26.25 26.84

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
20.86 21.35 21.72 22.26 22.82

          Paper and paper products

17
26.78 27.24 27.76 28.41 29.13

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
26.32 26.71 27.01 27.49 27.94

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
38.45 39.43 40.22 41.27 42.21

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
36.89 37.78 38.52 39.56 40.46

          Pharmaceutical products

21
41.24 42.40 43.27 44.33 45.36

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
26.65 27.23 27.72 28.43 29.16

          Rubber and plastics products

22
26.21 26.79 27.30 28.03 28.73

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
27.24 27.73 28.17 28.85 29.59

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
26.90 27.41 27.87 28.59 29.33

          Basic metals

24
31.59 32.13 32.70 33.64 34.60

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
25.34 25.83 26.26 26.91 27.58

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
37.00 37.94 38.68 39.59 40.56

Electrical equipment

27
29.60 30.29 30.96 31.77 32.53

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
29.97 30.59 31.20 31.98 32.81

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
32.60 33.26 33.85 34.72 35.59

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
30.54 30.97 31.44 32.20 32.94

          Other transport equipment

30
36.65 37.73 38.61 39.72 40.90

Furniture

31
21.43 21.80 22.12 22.56 23.07

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 13a. Germany, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
47.53 45.76 43.84 47.42 45.79

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
32.28 31.10 29.80 31.80 31.52

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
30.17 28.91 27.76 29.65 29.56

                    Beverages

11
44.79 44.02 41.89 44.64 43.20

          Tobacco products

12
59.93 60.30 59.72 64.47 62.28

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
36.06 34.98 33.68 36.39 35.09

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
35.56 34.36 33.10 35.55 34.37

                    Textiles

13
34.69 33.20 31.69 34.10 33.82

                    Wearing apparel

14
37.19 36.44 35.75 38.44 35.49

Leather and related products

15
38.92 38.46 36.82 40.82 38.83

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
40.24 38.46 36.67 38.88 37.94

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
34.13 32.49 30.68 32.53 31.27

          Paper and paper products

17
42.56 40.93 39.55 42.14 41.12

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
42.02 39.95 37.75 39.87 39.44

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
69.90 68.98 66.20 72.27 69.38

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
58.90 56.75 54.47 59.45 58.18

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
58.14 56.09 53.72 59.02 57.59

          Pharmaceutical products

21
61.20 58.73 56.94 61.01 60.06

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
38.44 36.91 35.72 38.15 37.71

          Rubber and plastics products

22
38.17 36.59 35.44 38.02 37.91

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
38.95 37.52 36.27 38.38 37.31

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
43.74 42.19 40.45 42.86 41.63

          Basic metals

24
51.42 49.33 46.68 49.63 48.14

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
40.64 39.36 37.96 40.20 39.12

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
54.36 52.18 50.62 54.51 50.11

Electrical equipment

27
50.68 49.17 47.05 50.42 49.52

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
51.50 50.11 47.92 51.56 49.11

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
59.59 57.69 54.76 60.62 58.82

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
59.46 57.30 54.35 60.42 59.04

          Other transport equipment

30
60.50 60.16 57.49 61.99 57.53

Furniture

31
37.63 36.05 34.64 36.83 34.45

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 13b. Germany, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
32.28 32.84 33.06 34.04 35.61

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
21.92 22.32 22.47 22.82 24.51

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
20.49 20.75 20.93 21.28 22.99

                    Beverages

11
30.41 31.59 31.59 32.04 33.60

          Tobacco products

12
40.70 43.27 45.04 46.28 48.44

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
24.49 25.10 25.40 26.13 27.29

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
24.15 24.66 24.96 25.52 26.73

                    Textiles

13
23.56 23.82 23.90 24.48 26.30

                    Wearing apparel

14
25.26 26.15 26.96 27.59 27.60

Leather and related products

15
26.43 27.60 27.76 29.30 30.19

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
27.33 27.60 27.65 27.91 29.50

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
23.17 23.32 23.13 23.35 24.31

          Paper and paper products

17
28.90 29.37 29.82 30.25 31.98

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
28.54 28.67 28.47 28.62 30.67

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
47.47 49.50 49.92 51.88 53.96

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
39.99 40.73 41.08 42.67 45.24

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
39.48 40.25 40.51 42.37 44.79

          Pharmaceutical products

21
41.56 42.15 42.94 43.79 46.71

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
26.11 26.49 26.94 27.38 29.33

          Rubber and plastics products

22
25.92 26.26 26.72 27.29 29.48

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
26.45 26.92 27.35 27.55 29.01

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
29.70 30.28 30.50 30.77 32.37

          Basic metals

24
34.92 35.40 35.20 35.63 37.43

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
27.60 28.25 28.62 28.86 30.42

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
36.91 37.45 38.17 39.13 38.97

Electrical equipment

27
34.42 35.29 35.48 36.19 38.51

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
34.98 35.96 36.14 37.01 38.19

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
40.47 41.40 41.29 43.52 45.74

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
40.38 41.12 40.99 43.37 45.91

          Other transport equipment

30
41.09 43.17 43.36 44.49 44.74

Furniture

31
25.55 25.87 26.12 26.44 26.79

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 14a. Greece, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
23.14 22.72 22.36 22.68 19.41

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
21.39 NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
20.85 NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
20.44 NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
24.41 NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
34.07 NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
17.76 NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
17.34 NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
21.01 NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
15.07 NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
17.49 NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
20.88 NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
22.03 NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
21.39 NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
19.61 NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
50.60 NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
30.17 NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
24.52 NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
36.16 NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
24.62 NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
18.62 NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
28.84 NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
22.51 NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
24.27 NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
21.37 NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
24.09 NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
20.93 NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
22.45 NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
28.73 NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
28.44 NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
29.48 NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
17.40 NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 14b. Greece, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
15.71 16.31 16.86 16.28 15.10

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
14.53 NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
14.16 NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
13.88 NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
16.57 NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
23.14 NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
12.06 NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
11.77 NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
14.27 NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
10.24 NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
11.88 NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
14.18 NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
14.96 NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
14.53 NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
13.32 NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
34.36 NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
20.49 NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
16.65 NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
24.56 NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
16.72 NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
12.64 NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
19.58 NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
15.28 NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
16.48 NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
14.51 NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
16.36 NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
14.22 NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
15.25 NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
19.51 NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
19.31 NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
20.02 NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
11.81 NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 15a. Hungary, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
9.77 8.62 8.39 9.17 8.95

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
8.18 6.99 6.61 NA 7.16

          Food and beverages

10-11
8.08 6.89 6.52 7.17 7.07

                    Food products

10
7.57 6.45 6.10 6.63 6.58

                    Beverages

11
11.97 10.41 9.76 11.26 10.81

          Tobacco products

12
17.51 15.90 13.84 NA 12.13

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
5.83 5.03 4.89 5.30 5.21

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
5.81 5.03 4.89 5.26 5.18

                    Textiles

13
6.98 6.04 5.91 6.33 6.12

                    Wearing apparel

14
5.36 4.59 4.43 4.76 4.69

Leather and related products

15
5.87 5.02 4.90 5.38 5.27

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
8.52 7.56 7.59 7.99 7.68

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
6.66 5.73 5.86 5.89 5.67

          Paper and paper products

17
11.32 9.97 9.97 10.40 9.98

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
8.50 7.40 7.27 8.01 7.64

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
27.74 23.97 22.19 25.09 22.98

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
16.42 14.89 14.84 15.43 14.68

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
14.67 12.88 12.99 13.11 12.91

          Pharmaceutical products

21
17.86 16.44 16.25 17.33 15.97

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
9.79 8.50 8.36 8.96 8.63

          Rubber and plastics products

22
9.14 7.80 7.63 8.17 8.13

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
10.81 9.62 9.74 10.41 9.57

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
9.18 8.07 7.74 8.25 8.06

          Basic metals

24
12.63 11.11 11.22 11.85 11.35

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
7.97 7.03 6.56 7.14 7.07

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
10.20 9.26 8.81 9.98 9.89

Electrical equipment

27
10.06 8.50 7.50 8.29 7.99

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
10.03 8.98 9.26 9.92 9.68

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
11.46 10.26 9.78 10.94 10.91

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
11.51 10.26 9.73 10.88 10.87

          Other transport equipment

30
10.99 10.32 10.45 11.71 11.58

Furniture

31
6.17 5.53 5.44 5.97 5.89

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 15b. Hungary, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
1,682.02 1,744.66 1,745.28 1,843.11 2,014.20

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
1,408.43 1,414.96 1,374.95 NA 1,610.67

          Food and beverages

10-11
1,391.49 1,394.89 1,356.69 1,442.28 1,591.07

                    Food products

10
1,302.75 1,304.59 1,269.28 1,333.72 1,482.17

                    Beverages

11
2,060.07 2,106.26 2,028.61 2,264.85 2,432.29

          Tobacco products

12
3,014.17 3,216.27 2,877.83 NA 2,730.19

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
1,002.82 1,017.65 1,017.39 1,064.69 1,172.12

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
1,000.03 1,018.15 1,016.11 1,058.41 1,166.82

                    Textiles

13
1,202.02 1,223.05 1,229.16 1,272.01 1,378.02

                    Wearing apparel

14
922.18 928.84 921.40 957.79 1,056.72

Leather and related products

15
1,010.69 1,016.43 1,019.85 1,081.22 1,186.99

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
1,466.04 1,529.11 1,577.65 1,605.53 1,727.71

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
1,146.15 1,159.78 1,219.58 1,184.27 1,276.33

          Paper and paper products

17
1,948.46 2,017.24 2,072.52 2,090.40 2,245.60

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
1,462.73 1,496.81 1,511.23 1,609.48 1,720.66

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
4,774.60 4,849.46 4,615.31 5,045.39 5,172.57

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
2,826.08 3,012.64 3,086.47 3,101.88 3,304.54

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
2,525.21 2,606.41 2,700.35 2,636.36 2,906.64

          Pharmaceutical products

21
3,074.09 3,326.82 3,379.12 3,483.67 3,594.23

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
1,684.64 1,720.70 1,739.41 1,801.09 1,941.65

          Rubber and plastics products

22
1,572.98 1,578.80 1,586.93 1,643.56 1,829.46

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
1,860.77 1,947.27 2,024.46 2,092.84 2,153.13

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
1,579.26 1,632.43 1,610.01 1,658.38 1,814.93

          Basic metals

24
2,172.96 2,248.69 2,332.81 2,382.77 2,554.43

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
1,371.35 1,423.30 1,364.23 1,436.37 1,591.99

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
1,755.18 1,872.70 1,831.87 2,005.73 2,225.45

Electrical equipment

27
1,730.70 1,719.40 1,559.55 1,666.77 1,797.60

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
1,725.45 1,816.83 1,924.72 1,993.91 2,179.36

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
1,972.14 2,075.94 2,033.13 2,198.81 2,455.94

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
1,981.40 2,075.17 2,024.07 2,187.26 2,446.83

          Other transport equipment

30
1,891.69 2,088.41 2,172.35 2,354.38 2,605.88

Furniture

31
1,061.41 1,118.54 1,131.53 1,199.47 1,326.96

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 16a. Ireland, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
40.53 41.21 38.57 39.74 38.17

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
38.37 NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
27.00 NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
37.41 NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
62.69 NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
31.91 NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
35.11 NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
33.24 NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
49.93 NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
38.00 NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
37.03 NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
30.89 NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 16b. Ireland, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
27.53 29.57 29.09 28.52 29.68

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
26.05 NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
18.34 NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
25.40 NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
42.57 NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
21.67 NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
23.84 NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
22.57 NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
33.90 NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
25.80 NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
25.15 NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
20.98 NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 17a. Israel, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
18.54 17.55 19.22 21.14 20.14

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
12.76 11.99 13.05 14.29 13.65

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
12.21 11.45 12.44 13.57 13.07

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
11.84 11.17 12.29 13.58 12.98

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
11.58 10.92 12.00 13.39 12.82

                    Textiles

13
13.19 12.56 13.79 15.17 14.07

                    Wearing apparel

14
10.49 9.72 10.59 12.00 11.77

Leather and related products

15
10.98 10.58 12.02 12.56 12.28

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
13.10 12.65 13.77 14.83 14.03

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
11.80 11.20 11.97 13.43 13.28

          Paper and paper products

17
15.76 14.62 16.40 17.71 15.89

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
12.17 12.01 12.94 13.82 13.26

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
22.66 23.25 25.63 29.55 26.70

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
14.93 14.15 15.54 17.01 16.29

          Rubber and plastics products

22
14.67 13.88 15.11 16.49 15.72

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
15.44 14.68 16.51 18.18 17.62

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
14.34 13.18 14.57 15.98 15.46

          Basic metals

24
13.83 13.11 14.31 16.03 15.09

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
14.42 13.19 14.61 15.98 15.53

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
28.95 27.49 29.75 32.23 30.47

Electrical equipment

27
15.57 14.64 16.94 19.12 18.77

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
20.50 19.76 21.47 23.84 23.36

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
24.69 23.22 25.41 27.65 25.95

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
14.58 13.80 15.15 17.30 15.85

          Other transport equipment

30
28.06 26.59 29.57 31.55 29.67

Furniture

31
10.65 9.53 10.65 12.13 12.13

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 17b. Israel, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
66.53 69.01 71.85 75.63 77.66

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
45.80 47.13 48.79 51.14 52.63

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
43.80 45.04 46.52 48.56 50.41

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
42.47 43.91 45.96 48.58 50.03

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
41.57 42.94 44.88 47.91 49.43

                    Textiles

13
47.33 49.39 51.55 54.27 54.26

                    Wearing apparel

14
37.63 38.22 39.61 42.93 45.38

Leather and related products

15
39.40 41.62 44.94 44.95 47.35

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
46.99 49.74 51.48 53.07 54.11

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
42.34 44.03 44.76 48.06 51.19

          Paper and paper products

17
56.56 57.49 61.31 63.37 61.28

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
43.66 47.22 48.40 49.45 51.11

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
81.29 91.42 95.81 105.73 102.96

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
53.56 55.63 58.12 60.85 62.81

          Rubber and plastics products

22
52.63 54.60 56.50 59.00 60.61

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
55.40 57.71 61.74 65.06 67.94

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
51.44 51.82 54.47 57.18 59.63

          Basic metals

24
49.61 51.55 53.49 57.37 58.20

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
51.74 51.87 54.63 57.17 59.86

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
103.86 108.10 111.24 115.31 117.51

Electrical equipment

27
55.88 57.57 63.34 68.42 72.39

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
73.54 77.72 80.27 85.31 90.08

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
88.58 91.31 95.01 98.93 100.04

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
52.32 54.27 56.65 61.90 61.10

          Other transport equipment

30
100.69 104.54 110.58 112.88 114.40

Furniture

31
38.23 37.49 39.82 43.41 46.78

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 18a. Italy, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
35.11 34.32 33.57 36.15 34.18

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
35.33 34.33 33.90 36.25 33.99

          Food and beverages

10-11
35.25 34.25 33.83 36.18 33.92

                    Food products

10
34.53 33.55 33.13 35.43 33.22

                    Beverages

11
40.57 39.47 39.01 41.72 39.12

          Tobacco products

12
56.94 55.32 54.74 58.55 54.95

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
28.05 27.39 26.85 28.94 27.45

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
28.11 27.42 26.90 29.01 27.51

                    Textiles

13
30.79 30.04 29.45 31.77 30.13

                    Wearing apparel

14
25.98 25.35 24.87 26.81 25.43

Leather and related products

15
27.88 27.25 26.66 28.68 27.25

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
32.38 31.81 30.86 33.16 31.42

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
28.14 27.80 27.06 29.48 27.61

          Paper and paper products

17
34.00 33.12 32.40 34.81 33.08

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
35.34 34.77 33.36 35.43 33.77

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
53.24 51.43 49.95 54.00 51.21

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
47.67 46.44 45.38 48.98 46.44

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
43.33 42.21 41.24 44.50 42.20

          Pharmaceutical products

21
54.41 53.02 51.80 55.94 53.05

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
34.15 33.48 32.65 35.30 33.44

          Rubber and plastics products

22
33.08 32.54 31.80 34.51 32.73

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
35.12 34.36 33.44 36.08 34.12

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
33.65 32.89 32.16 34.60 32.69

          Basic metals

24
38.46 37.56 36.77 39.55 37.37

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
32.07 31.34 30.69 32.98 31.18

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
41.08 40.11 39.27 42.25 39.95

Electrical equipment

27
36.73 35.90 35.15 37.81 35.75

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
37.70 36.85 36.08 38.81 36.70

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
38.28 37.42 36.60 39.41 37.26

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
37.93 37.03 36.26 39.00 36.88

          Other transport equipment

30
38.90 38.02 37.23 40.09 37.90

Furniture

31
28.11 27.71 27.02 29.39 27.57

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 18b. Italy, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
23.84 24.63 25.31 25.95 26.58

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
23.99 24.63 25.56 26.02 26.44

          Food and beverages

10-11
23.94 24.58 25.51 25.97 26.38

                    Food products

10
23.45 24.08 24.98 25.43 25.83

                    Beverages

11
27.55 28.32 29.42 29.95 30.42

          Tobacco products

12
38.66 39.70 41.28 42.03 42.73

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
19.05 19.66 20.25 20.78 21.35

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
19.09 19.68 20.28 20.82 21.39

                    Textiles

13
20.91 21.56 22.20 22.81 23.43

                    Wearing apparel

14
17.64 18.19 18.76 19.25 19.78

Leather and related products

15
18.93 19.56 20.10 20.59 21.20

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
21.99 22.82 23.27 23.80 24.43

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
19.11 19.95 20.40 21.16 21.47

          Paper and paper products

17
23.09 23.77 24.43 24.99 25.72

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
24.00 24.95 25.15 25.43 26.26

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
36.15 36.91 37.67 38.76 39.82

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
32.37 33.33 34.22 35.16 36.12

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
29.42 30.29 31.10 31.94 32.81

          Pharmaceutical products

21
36.95 38.05 39.06 40.16 41.25

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
23.19 24.03 24.62 25.34 26.01

          Rubber and plastics products

22
22.46 23.35 23.98 24.78 25.45

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
23.85 24.66 25.22 25.90 26.53

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
22.85 23.60 24.26 24.84 25.42

          Basic metals

24
26.12 26.95 27.73 28.39 29.06

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
21.78 22.49 23.14 23.67 24.25

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
27.90 28.79 29.61 30.33 31.07

Electrical equipment

27
24.94 25.76 26.51 27.14 27.81

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
25.60 26.45 27.21 27.86 28.54

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
26.00 26.85 27.60 28.29 28.98

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
25.75 26.57 27.34 28.00 28.68

          Other transport equipment

30
26.41 27.28 28.07 28.77 29.48

Furniture

31
19.09 19.89 20.38 21.09 21.44

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 19a. Japan, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
27.48 30.03 31.75 35.71 35.34

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
18.63 20.60 22.28 24.86 25.37

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA 21.48 23.71 23.67

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
23.18 24.99 26.57 29.41 29.64

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
19.15 21.08 23.04 24.96 26.97

          Paper and paper products

17
25.43 27.40 29.36 32.09 31.24

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
23.09 24.74 25.96 29.17 29.40

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
24.43 26.97 29.36 33.14 32.35

          Rubber and plastics products

22
23.64 26.18 28.84 32.49 31.17

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
25.86 28.38 30.17 34.19 34.57

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
28.04 30.75 31.27 35.23 34.58

          Basic metals

24
34.70 37.14 37.14 42.16 40.98

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
23.97 26.73 27.48 30.80 30.42

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
32.82 35.66 37.21 42.37 41.65

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
21.07 23.86 23.96 27.43 27.75

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
For Japan, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the Japanese Standard Industrial Classification (JSIC). Industry measures only approximately correspond to ISIC Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 19b. Japan, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
2,840.73 2,812.92 2,787.43 2,846.02 2,820.54

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
1,926.59 1,929.87 1,955.52 1,980.87 2,025.36

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA 1,885.69 1,889.43 1,889.40

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
2,397.07 2,341.11 2,332.16 2,343.62 2,366.03

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
1,979.77 1,974.90 2,022.77 1,988.92 2,152.48

          Paper and paper products

17
2,628.90 2,566.96 2,577.55 2,557.07 2,493.25

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
2,387.65 2,317.87 2,278.81 2,324.39 2,346.70

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
2,526.03 2,526.87 2,577.24 2,640.97 2,582.05

          Rubber and plastics products

22
2,443.86 2,452.62 2,531.90 2,589.07 2,487.54

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
2,673.36 2,659.16 2,648.12 2,725.07 2,759.01

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
2,898.81 2,880.45 2,744.75 2,807.50 2,759.72

          Basic metals

24
3,587.55 3,479.27 3,259.88 3,360.05 3,270.81

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
2,478.56 2,504.10 2,412.02 2,454.97 2,428.37

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
3,392.92 3,340.60 3,266.05 3,376.59 3,324.43

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
2,178.60 2,235.11 2,103.25 2,185.85 2,215.06

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
For Japan, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the Japanese Standard Industrial Classification (JSIC). Industry measures only approximately correspond to ISIC Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 20a. Republic of Korea, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
16.85 15.06 17.89 19.25 20.72

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
14.06 12.52 14.80 15.01 15.58

          Food and beverages

10-11
13.78 12.29 14.57 14.80 15.39

                    Food products

10
13.35 11.89 14.04 14.37 14.95

                    Beverages

11
18.64 17.11 21.42 20.29 21.51

          Tobacco products

12
41.54 37.64 38.55 36.94 31.79

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
11.35 10.68 12.26 13.78 14.54

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
11.18 10.61 12.18 13.79 14.60

                    Textiles

13
10.70 10.36 11.79 12.71 13.41

                    Wearing apparel

14
11.73 10.90 12.66 15.10 15.95

Leather and related products

15
12.96 11.34 12.96 13.70 14.06

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
12.60 11.55 13.07 15.41 16.41

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
12.30 11.38 12.37 14.60 15.86

          Paper and paper products

17
13.49 12.78 14.49 16.98 18.08

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
11.65 10.11 11.58 13.71 14.36

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
44.67 31.55 46.53 60.70 63.56

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
20.97 18.27 21.07 23.08 24.10

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
21.02 18.15 20.66 23.14 24.25

          Pharmaceutical products

21
20.72 18.71 22.63 22.82 23.47

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
14.64 12.99 14.74 15.44 16.31

          Rubber and plastics products

22
13.54 12.02 13.75 14.19 15.08

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
17.08 15.18 16.95 18.38 19.22

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
16.10 14.34 16.84 18.57 19.87

          Basic metals

24
19.83 16.89 20.90 23.26 26.94

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
14.50 13.23 15.01 16.36 16.64

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
17.69 16.29 19.63 21.47 24.30

Electrical equipment

27
14.90 13.39 15.93 17.67 18.49

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
16.26 14.21 15.92 17.16 18.24

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
21.99 19.02 23.53 24.50 25.74

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
20.83 18.79 23.67 23.26 25.87

          Other transport equipment

30
24.04 19.38 23.25 26.93 25.50

Furniture

31
12.94 12.02 13.96 15.52 18.73

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 20b. Republic of Korea, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
18,509.06 19,192.54 20,674.30 21,305.97 23,329.16

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
15,442.74 15,964.44 17,100.07 16,617.45 17,540.09

          Food and beverages

10-11
15,140.98 15,659.28 16,837.16 16,385.38 17,328.25

                    Food products

10
14,670.43 15,160.59 16,227.44 15,907.82 16,840.38

                    Beverages

11
20,476.04 21,810.18 24,752.68 22,456.50 24,228.70

          Tobacco products

12
45,638.96 47,971.04 44,551.99 40,893.42 35,795.99

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
12,473.84 13,617.52 14,170.49 15,257.55 16,374.98

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
12,280.96 13,526.84 14,080.86 15,268.62 16,436.35

                    Textiles

13
11,756.88 13,207.38 13,621.03 14,069.48 15,097.40

                    Wearing apparel

14
12,892.21 13,897.54 14,626.24 16,711.50 17,967.25

Leather and related products

15
14,241.26 14,455.62 14,976.47 15,166.86 15,833.01

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
13,846.27 14,721.93 15,101.68 17,061.05 18,475.72

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
13,511.84 14,502.27 14,299.55 16,156.49 17,859.16

          Paper and paper products

17
14,819.00 16,287.98 16,744.75 18,792.05 20,355.59

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
12,804.65 12,891.56 13,386.03 15,177.40 16,173.29

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
49,084.15 40,211.18 53,773.90 67,187.27 71,575.11

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
23,041.17 23,292.19 24,345.68 25,545.32 27,145.32

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
23,092.99 23,129.36 23,874.78 25,609.64 27,307.16

          Pharmaceutical products

21
22,761.99 23,846.61 26,155.61 25,256.35 26,430.82

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
16,086.50 16,562.28 17,031.76 17,088.61 18,366.62

          Rubber and plastics products

22
14,876.87 15,325.48 15,891.24 15,708.35 16,982.48

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
18,760.47 19,342.74 19,590.16 20,344.39 21,646.90

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
17,688.56 18,275.75 19,458.44 20,554.02 22,377.10

          Basic metals

24
21,790.45 21,525.96 24,149.54 25,750.33 30,335.74

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
15,935.96 16,857.59 17,343.19 18,110.44 18,739.50

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
19,434.88 20,767.21 22,691.36 23,761.31 27,370.93

Electrical equipment

27
16,368.11 17,063.79 18,411.07 19,558.33 20,819.09

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
17,865.02 18,106.90 18,399.15 18,996.42 20,542.56

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
24,162.68 24,237.75 27,200.15 27,124.08 28,991.29

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
22,887.47 23,945.75 27,351.57 25,743.40 29,133.78

          Other transport equipment

30
26,414.06 24,706.84 26,866.34 29,810.11 28,714.86

Furniture

31
14,222.66 15,320.03 16,130.64 17,182.48 21,089.83

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 21a. Mexico, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
6.47 5.70 6.14 6.49 6.36

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
5.45 4.73 5.22 5.61 5.52

          Food and beverages

10-11
5.43 4.70 5.19 5.58 5.49

                    Food products

10
5.22 4.55 5.14 5.57 5.50

                    Beverages

11
6.10 5.21 5.39 5.62 5.55

          Tobacco products

12
9.85 11.32 11.75 12.29 11.71

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
3.32 2.85 3.14 3.36 3.30

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
3.38 2.95 3.25 3.44 3.40

                    Textiles

13
3.91 3.44 3.78 3.94 3.87

                    Wearing apparel

14
2.85 2.48 2.77 2.95 2.92

Leather and related products

15
3.18 2.61 2.88 3.18 3.03

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
4.81 4.21 4.68 4.93 4.89

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
2.74 2.44 2.71 2.69 2.70

          Paper and paper products

17
5.29 4.58 5.10 5.39 5.34

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
4.76 4.19 4.56 4.84 4.73

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
14.81 12.72 14.26 15.18 14.56

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
11.32 9.73 10.61 11.25 11.01

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
9.99 8.83 9.68 10.26 9.91

          Pharmaceutical products

21
14.68 12.02 12.97 13.72 13.93

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
5.73 5.05 5.56 5.78 5.52

          Rubber and plastics products

22
4.96 4.31 4.62 4.89 4.81

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
6.58 5.87 6.69 6.85 6.29

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
7.27 6.48 6.83 7.20 7.09

          Basic metals

24
8.58 7.43 7.80 8.48 8.39

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
6.00 5.47 5.82 5.85 5.71

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
5.56 4.77 5.12 5.23 5.18

Electrical equipment

27
6.21 5.78 5.83 6.11 6.02

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
6.53 6.08 6.34 6.72 6.59

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
8.69 8.01 7.95 8.15 7.80

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
8.70 8.01 7.96 8.16 7.79

          Other transport equipment

30
7.98 7.88 7.92 7.87 7.86

Furniture

31
3.79 3.34 3.59 3.86 3.79

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 21b. Mexico, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
72.13 76.93 77.52 80.66 83.72

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
60.71 63.83 65.95 69.73 72.67

          Food and beverages

10-11
60.46 63.38 65.56 69.33 72.27

                    Food products

10
58.22 61.35 64.88 69.22 72.30

                    Beverages

11
68.00 70.34 68.04 69.84 73.06

          Tobacco products

12
109.76 152.80 148.38 152.67 153.99

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
37.02 38.53 39.64 41.73 43.35

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
37.61 39.80 40.98 42.71 44.74

                    Textiles

13
43.62 46.45 47.68 48.94 50.87

                    Wearing apparel

14
31.77 33.51 34.93 36.70 38.38

Leather and related products

15
35.42 35.26 36.30 39.50 39.80

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
53.60 56.86 59.05 61.25 64.26

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
30.57 32.92 34.18 33.48 35.57

          Paper and paper products

17
58.93 61.81 64.34 66.99 70.25

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
53.02 56.60 57.55 60.09 62.28

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
164.98 171.69 180.01 188.68 191.48

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
126.17 131.39 133.99 139.80 144.85

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
111.29 119.21 122.25 127.47 130.35

          Pharmaceutical products

21
163.59 162.21 163.71 170.56 183.26

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
63.83 68.17 70.21 71.84 72.66

          Rubber and plastics products

22
55.21 58.14 58.27 60.72 63.32

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
73.37 79.30 84.43 85.15 82.79

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
80.98 87.41 86.26 89.49 93.28

          Basic metals

24
95.65 100.34 98.43 105.35 110.30

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
66.88 73.79 73.41 72.75 75.09

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
61.94 64.34 64.59 65.01 68.19

Electrical equipment

27
69.22 78.07 73.58 75.96 79.24

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
72.81 82.10 79.99 83.52 86.62

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
96.82 108.07 100.42 101.23 102.57

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
96.91 108.06 100.47 101.41 102.52

          Other transport equipment

30
88.91 106.37 99.99 97.82 103.32

Furniture

31
42.20 45.10 45.33 47.98 49.82

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 22a. Netherlands, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
43.09 41.39 39.54 42.26 39.62

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
44.00 NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
43.54 NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
42.67 NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
57.29 NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
63.61 NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
38.98 NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
39.47 NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
39.78 NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
38.12 NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
35.39 NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
41.31 NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
35.62 NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
45.98 NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
41.53 NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
79.03 NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
61.29 NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
62.04 NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
59.13 NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
41.17 NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
40.19 NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
42.29 NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
40.50 NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
50.12 NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
38.28 NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
51.14 NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
46.47 NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
44.49 NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
42.38 NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
42.33 NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
42.44 NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
35.13 NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 22b. Netherlands, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
29.26 29.70 29.82 30.34 30.81

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
29.88 NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
29.57 NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
28.97 NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
38.90 NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
43.20 NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
26.47 NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
26.81 NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
27.01 NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
25.88 NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
24.03 NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
28.06 NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
24.19 NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
31.23 NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
28.20 NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
53.67 NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
41.62 NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
42.13 NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
40.15 NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
27.96 NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
27.29 NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
28.72 NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
27.50 NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
34.03 NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
25.99 NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
34.73 NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
31.56 NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
30.21 NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
28.78 NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
28.75 NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
28.82 NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
23.86 NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 23a. New Zealand, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
19.15 17.47 20.42 23.38 24.77

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
17.86 16.52 19.72 22.44 23.49

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
16.04 15.08 17.62 19.94 21.65

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
17.54 15.72 17.99 20.55 21.73

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
19.43 17.88 19.99 22.28 23.65

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
20.41 17.99 20.41 23.60 25.55

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
19.91 18.27 20.96 23.09 24.19

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
23.62 21.26 24.25 28.21 29.81

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
18.54 17.15 19.70 22.98 24.27

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
21.46 19.72 23.40 25.99 27.97

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 23b. New Zealand, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
26.78 27.48 28.29 29.52 30.56

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
24.98 25.98 27.33 28.33 28.98

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
22.43 23.72 24.42 25.18 26.71

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
24.52 24.73 24.94 25.94 26.81

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
27.18 28.13 27.70 28.13 29.18

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
28.55 28.30 28.28 29.80 31.52

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
27.84 28.74 29.05 29.15 29.84

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
33.04 33.43 33.61 35.62 36.78

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
25.93 26.97 27.29 29.01 29.94

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
30.01 31.02 32.43 32.82 34.51

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 24a. Norway, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
57.35 53.39 57.66 64.76 63.36

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
49.80 46.58 51.62 57.67 56.32

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
45.42 42.99 46.35 53.02 51.55

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
46.15 42.53 45.85 50.63 49.41

          Paper and paper products

17
54.84 50.71 54.29 60.21 56.60

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
56.14 51.31 55.96 63.61 60.75

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA 61.42 67.59 76.15 71.94

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA 61.31 66.25 74.66 72.67

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
54.11 49.88 54.13 60.63 58.81

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
61.46 56.58 61.08 68.56 69.90

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
53.22 49.77 53.71 61.09 59.99

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
65.50 60.77 65.35 72.37 71.54

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
63.61 60.00 64.36 72.39 71.10

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 24b. Norway, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
323.25 335.87 348.57 362.77 368.62

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
280.68 293.00 312.07 323.09 327.65

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
256.03 270.44 280.16 297.06 299.92

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
260.11 267.54 277.18 283.64 287.45

          Paper and paper products

17
309.11 319.00 328.18 337.31 329.31

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
316.45 322.78 338.30 356.33 353.46

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA 386.36 408.58 426.63 418.56

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA 385.68 400.48 418.26 422.82

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
304.97 313.79 327.23 339.67 342.18

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
346.43 355.96 369.24 384.06 406.69

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
299.96 313.09 324.67 342.24 349.00

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
369.18 382.27 395.07 405.44 416.22

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
358.56 377.45 389.06 405.56 413.67

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 25a. Philippines, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
1.75 1.71 1.89 2.02 2.10

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
For Philippines, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC).
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 25b. Philippines, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
77.66 81.55 85.20 87.68 88.74

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
For Philippines, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC).
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 26a. Poland, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
9.60 7.72 8.16 8.68 8.25

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
8.86 7.17 7.47 7.96 7.38

                    Food products

10
8.48 6.83 7.18 7.64 7.09

                    Beverages

11
13.55 11.39 11.53 12.62 11.64

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
6.05 4.95 5.29 5.53 5.28

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
6.04 4.95 5.28 5.50 5.27

                    Textiles

13
7.09 5.90 6.14 6.39 6.07

                    Wearing apparel

14
5.60 4.57 4.89 5.08 4.88

Leather and related products

15
6.17 4.98 5.33 5.65 5.31

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
8.87 7.15 7.49 8.01 7.69

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
7.51 5.99 6.24 6.61 6.29

          Paper and paper products

17
10.56 8.63 9.11 9.43 9.15

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
10.70 8.60 9.04 9.92 9.45

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
19.35 14.77 16.96 18.22 17.19

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
13.56 10.99 11.46 11.99 11.31

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
12.65 10.03 10.66 11.26 10.81

          Pharmaceutical products

21
16.11 13.74 13.89 14.34 12.99

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
9.90 7.94 8.42 8.88 8.36

          Rubber and plastics products

22
9.45 7.59 8.10 8.51 8.04

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
10.48 8.41 8.83 9.38 8.82

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
10.03 8.02 8.42 9.12 8.65

          Basic metals

24
12.08 9.51 9.88 10.73 10.16

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
9.46 7.61 8.02 8.70 8.27

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
10.20 7.79 8.33 8.58 7.94

Electrical equipment

27
9.73 8.02 8.68 9.43 9.05

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
10.75 8.53 9.00 9.61 9.24

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
10.90 8.70 9.28 9.92 9.53

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
10.67 8.68 9.34 9.90 9.49

          Other transport equipment

30
11.57 8.78 9.05 10.02 9.68

Furniture

31
7.64 6.09 6.42 6.68 6.39

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 26b. Poland, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
23.12 24.09 24.61 25.72 26.87

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
21.34 22.37 22.53 23.59 24.02

                    Food products

10
20.42 21.31 21.64 22.63 23.09

                    Beverages

11
32.63 35.54 34.76 37.38 37.92

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
14.59 15.46 15.95 16.37 17.19

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
14.54 15.45 15.93 16.31 17.17

                    Textiles

13
17.09 18.40 18.51 18.94 19.78

                    Wearing apparel

14
13.50 14.25 14.74 15.05 15.88

Leather and related products

15
14.87 15.53 16.08 16.74 17.31

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
21.38 22.32 22.58 23.72 25.05

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
18.09 18.69 18.81 19.58 20.48

          Paper and paper products

17
25.44 26.94 27.46 27.95 29.81

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
25.77 26.83 27.25 29.40 30.77

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
46.63 46.09 51.14 53.99 55.99

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
32.68 34.30 34.55 35.53 36.83

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
30.47 31.29 32.16 33.35 35.20

          Pharmaceutical products

21
38.82 42.88 41.89 42.50 42.30

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
23.84 24.79 25.39 26.30 27.24

          Rubber and plastics products

22
22.76 23.67 24.43 25.20 26.17

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
25.24 26.24 26.64 27.81 28.72

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
24.17 25.02 25.38 27.04 28.17

          Basic metals

24
29.11 29.67 29.78 31.78 33.10

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
22.80 23.73 24.20 25.78 26.92

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
24.57 24.29 25.11 25.43 25.85

Electrical equipment

27
23.44 25.03 26.16 27.93 29.46

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
25.89 26.62 27.13 28.48 30.09

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
26.26 27.15 27.97 29.39 31.05

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
25.72 27.08 28.17 29.32 30.92

          Other transport equipment

30
27.88 27.38 27.30 29.68 31.54

Furniture

31
18.40 18.99 19.37 19.79 20.82

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 27a. Portugal, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
12.61 12.34 11.94 13.15 12.10

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA 12.13 11.30 12.85 12.15

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA 9.04 8.84 9.68 8.81

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA 13.52 12.95 13.93 12.55

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA 12.16 11.82 13.30 12.48

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 27b. Portugal, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
8.56 8.86 9.00 9.44 9.41

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA 8.70 8.52 9.23 9.45

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA 6.48 6.67 6.95 6.85

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA 9.70 9.77 10.00 9.76

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA 8.72 8.91 9.55 9.71

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 28a. Singapore, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
18.87 17.54 19.42 23.13 24.16

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA 15.97 NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA 23.93 NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA 20.32 NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 28b. Singapore, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
26.69 25.51 26.47 29.07 30.19

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA 20.07 NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA 30.06 NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA 25.53 NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 29a. Slovakia, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
10.72 11.24 10.72 11.77 11.30

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
9.33 9.42 9.46 9.90 NA

                    Food products

10
8.89 8.90 8.94 9.37 NA

                    Beverages

11
11.65 12.18 12.33 13.02 NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
6.56 7.00 6.62 7.33 NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
6.36 6.72 6.38 7.10 NA

                    Textiles

13
7.63 8.30 7.77 8.39 NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
5.98 6.25 5.93 6.59 NA

Leather and related products

15
7.01 7.60 7.04 7.72 NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
10.16 10.44 10.53 11.06 NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
7.96 8.21 8.21 8.85 NA

          Paper and paper products

17
12.38 12.56 12.86 13.04 NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
10.66 10.24 10.03 11.10 NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
26.31 27.41 25.19 28.15 NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
12.99 13.54 12.40 13.81 NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
12.82 13.17 11.95 13.51 NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
13.59 14.94 14.10 15.03 NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
10.90 11.38 10.90 11.91 NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
10.38 10.85 10.51 11.35 NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
11.59 12.16 11.54 12.86 NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
13.17 13.36 12.74 13.57 NA

          Basic metals

24
17.29 16.89 15.75 16.41 NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
10.17 10.80 10.22 11.33 NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
9.69 9.68 9.46 10.77 NA

Electrical equipment

27
9.21 10.34 9.72 10.95 NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
11.22 11.97 11.06 12.37 NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
11.58 12.35 11.15 12.49 NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
11.65 12.53 11.27 12.60 NA

          Other transport equipment

30
10.69 10.17 9.45 11.12 NA

Furniture

31
8.92 9.09 8.40 9.13 NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 29b. Slovakia, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
229.07 8.07 8.08 8.45 8.78

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
199.38 6.76 7.14 7.10 NA

                    Food products

10
189.96 6.38 6.74 6.72 NA

                    Beverages

11
248.95 8.74 9.30 9.34 NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
140.03 5.02 4.99 5.26 NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
135.86 4.82 4.81 5.10 NA

                    Textiles

13
163.05 5.96 5.86 6.02 NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
127.82 4.48 4.47 4.73 NA

Leather and related products

15
149.68 5.46 5.31 5.54 NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
217.12 7.49 7.94 7.94 NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
170.11 5.89 6.19 6.35 NA

          Paper and paper products

17
264.51 9.02 9.70 9.36 NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
227.64 7.35 7.56 7.97 NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
562.09 19.67 19.00 20.20 NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
277.43 9.72 9.35 9.91 NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
273.96 9.45 9.01 9.70 NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
290.26 10.72 10.63 10.79 NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
232.76 8.17 8.22 8.55 NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
221.66 7.79 7.93 8.15 NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
247.64 8.73 8.70 9.23 NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
281.35 9.59 9.61 9.74 NA

          Basic metals

24
369.39 12.12 11.88 11.78 NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
217.30 7.75 7.71 8.13 NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
206.97 6.94 7.13 7.73 NA

Electrical equipment

27
196.72 7.42 7.33 7.86 NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
239.74 8.59 8.34 8.88 NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
247.38 8.87 8.41 8.97 NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
248.84 8.99 8.50 9.04 NA

          Other transport equipment

30
228.32 7.30 7.13 7.98 NA

Furniture

31
190.61 6.52 6.33 6.56 NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 30a. Spain, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
27.75 27.86 26.66 28.44 26.83

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
23.37 23.54 22.89 24.21 23.06

          Food and beverages

10-11
23.02 23.18 22.55 23.85 22.69

                    Food products

10
21.56 21.89 21.25 22.58 21.63

                    Beverages

11
33.41 32.34 31.66 32.74 30.07

          Tobacco products

12
52.83 53.35 50.07 52.54 53.50

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
19.90 20.26 19.55 20.73 19.14

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
20.56 21.24 20.70 21.69 20.05

                    Textiles

13
22.01 22.23 20.90 22.29 20.65

                    Wearing apparel

14
19.32 20.40 20.52 21.18 19.54

Leather and related products

15
17.57 16.80 15.54 17.27 15.94

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
25.16 25.01 23.45 26.10 24.17

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
21.04 20.85 19.82 22.16 20.11

          Paper and paper products

17
31.21 30.45 29.29 32.25 29.45

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
24.60 24.77 22.53 25.18 23.93

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
57.57 54.91 54.61 57.08 51.59

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
40.15 39.68 37.54 39.44 35.73

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
37.02 37.39 34.54 37.42 33.65

          Pharmaceutical products

21
46.12 44.11 43.38 43.31 39.72

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
28.68 28.10 27.16 28.52 27.28

          Rubber and plastics products

22
29.08 28.29 27.07 28.97 27.54

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
28.41 27.97 27.22 28.22 27.10

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
28.31 27.54 26.20 27.73 25.82

          Basic metals

24
35.44 31.20 29.92 32.75 31.45

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
26.17 26.44 25.06 26.20 24.14

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
31.30 35.94 32.56 33.23 31.63

Electrical equipment

27
30.76 31.44 28.65 32.26 30.68

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
30.19 29.86 27.77 29.83 28.92

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
35.36 34.95 33.56 35.43 33.63

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
34.42 34.33 32.90 34.51 32.19

          Other transport equipment

30
38.80 37.07 35.96 38.80 38.92

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 30b. Spain, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
18.84 19.99 20.11 20.41 20.87

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
15.87 16.89 17.26 17.37 17.93

          Food and beverages

10-11
15.63 16.64 17.00 17.12 17.64

                    Food products

10
14.64 15.71 16.02 16.21 16.82

                    Beverages

11
22.68 23.21 23.87 23.50 23.39

          Tobacco products

12
35.88 38.28 37.76 37.71 41.60

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
13.52 14.54 14.74 14.88 14.89

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
13.96 15.24 15.61 15.57 15.59

                    Textiles

13
14.95 15.95 15.76 16.00 16.05

                    Wearing apparel

14
13.12 14.64 15.47 15.20 15.20

Leather and related products

15
11.93 12.05 11.72 12.39 12.39

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
17.08 17.95 17.69 18.73 18.80

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
14.29 14.96 14.95 15.91 15.64

          Paper and paper products

17
21.19 21.85 22.08 23.15 22.90

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
16.71 17.78 16.99 18.07 18.61

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
39.09 39.40 41.18 40.97 40.12

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
27.26 28.48 28.31 28.31 27.79

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
25.14 26.83 26.05 26.86 26.17

          Pharmaceutical products

21
31.32 31.65 32.71 31.09 30.89

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
19.47 20.16 20.48 20.48 21.21

          Rubber and plastics products

22
19.75 20.30 20.42 20.80 21.42

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
19.29 20.07 20.53 20.25 21.07

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
19.23 19.76 19.76 19.90 20.08

          Basic metals

24
24.07 22.39 22.57 23.51 24.46

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
17.77 18.97 18.89 18.80 18.77

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
21.25 25.79 24.55 23.85 24.60

Electrical equipment

27
20.89 22.56 21.60 23.16 23.86

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
20.50 21.43 20.94 21.42 22.49

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
24.01 25.08 25.31 25.43 26.16

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
23.37 24.64 24.81 24.77 25.04

          Other transport equipment

30
26.35 26.60 27.12 27.85 30.26

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 31a. Sweden, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
44.45 40.92 43.51 49.21 49.80

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
40.87 35.15 36.91 41.38 42.58

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
36.70 34.45 36.34 40.12 42.05

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
40.23 36.70 38.90 43.96 44.29

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
36.11 33.24 35.06 39.41 39.18

          Paper and paper products

17
44.18 40.21 42.63 48.22 49.55

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
39.67 34.96 37.85 42.79 41.62

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
55.63 50.60 52.30 62.83 66.31

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
61.90 57.52 60.39 66.85 67.91

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
39.60 35.96 37.81 42.76 43.82

          Rubber and plastics products

22
39.07 35.50 37.39 42.16 43.06

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
40.56 36.69 38.51 43.48 45.01

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
40.21 36.69 40.02 45.10 45.29

          Basic metals

24
45.55 40.89 44.78 52.09 52.35

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
37.83 34.71 37.58 41.50 41.70

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
46.11 41.56 44.36 50.51 51.27

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 31b. Sweden, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
292.67 313.19 313.54 319.25 337.28

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
269.12 269.06 265.93 268.47 288.37

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
241.68 263.71 261.82 260.28 284.79

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
264.87 280.88 280.27 285.19 299.91

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
237.76 254.44 252.64 255.68 265.36

          Paper and paper products

17
290.89 307.76 307.14 312.86 335.57

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
261.24 267.55 272.69 277.62 281.83

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
366.28 387.30 376.87 407.60 449.08

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
407.59 440.22 435.13 433.70 459.92

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
260.73 275.20 272.46 277.44 296.77

          Rubber and plastics products

22
257.26 271.71 269.38 273.55 291.64

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
267.05 280.82 277.50 282.06 304.84

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
264.77 280.84 288.34 292.62 306.74

          Basic metals

24
299.92 312.94 322.62 337.98 354.55

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
249.07 265.63 270.80 269.25 282.42

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
303.61 318.07 319.60 327.67 347.21

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 32a. Switzerland, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
49.23 50.54 51.10 60.40 57.79

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 32b. Switzerland, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
53.25 54.89 53.31 53.53 54.19

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
NA NA NA NA NA

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
NA NA NA NA NA

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
NA NA NA NA NA

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
NA NA NA NA NA

          Rubber and plastics products

22
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
NA NA NA NA NA

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
NA NA NA NA NA

          Basic metals

24
NA NA NA NA NA

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
NA NA NA NA NA

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
NA NA NA NA NA

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
NA NA NA NA NA

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
NA NA NA NA NA

          Other transport equipment

30
NA NA NA NA NA

Furniture

31
NA NA NA NA NA

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 33a. Taiwan, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
8.68 7.77 8.37 9.34 9.46

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
7.23 6.80 6.72 7.35 7.29

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
7.40 6.18 6.73 7.81 7.43

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
6.76 6.24 6.55 7.33 7.39

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
19.28 16.78 18.66 21.28 20.38

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
7.22 6.66 7.06 7.77 7.97

          Rubber and plastics products

22
7.09 6.58 7.02 7.74 7.99

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
7.54 6.87 7.17 7.86 7.95

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
7.98 7.03 7.54 8.39 8.31

          Basic metals

24
11.83 9.51 10.76 11.92 10.88

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
6.82 6.24 6.51 7.25 7.46

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
10.31 8.97 9.85 11.13 11.31

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
9.05 8.46 8.76 9.80 9.98

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
9.54 8.60 8.78 9.89 10.20

          Other transport equipment

30
8.54 8.32 8.74 9.70 9.72

Furniture

31
6.11 5.94 6.13 6.76 6.84

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
For Taiwan, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the Standard Industrial Classification of the Republic of China. Industry measures only approximately correspond to ISIC Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 33b. Taiwan, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
273.70 256.59 263.54 274.45 279.49

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
NA NA NA NA NA

          Food and beverages

10-11
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Food products

10
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Beverages

11
NA NA NA NA NA

          Tobacco products

12
NA NA NA NA NA

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
NA NA NA NA NA

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
NA NA NA NA NA

                    Textiles

13
228.03 224.62 211.70 215.91 215.49

                    Wearing apparel

14
NA NA NA NA NA

Leather and related products

15
NA NA NA NA NA

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
NA NA NA NA NA

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
NA NA NA NA NA

          Paper and paper products

17
233.29 204.08 211.84 229.57 219.65

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
212.96 206.20 206.24 215.28 218.42

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
607.85 554.16 587.90 625.16 602.40

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
NA NA NA NA NA

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
NA NA NA NA NA

          Pharmaceutical products

21
NA NA NA NA NA

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
227.43 219.93 222.50 228.43 235.71

          Rubber and plastics products

22
223.46 217.26 221.11 227.39 236.03

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
237.54 226.82 225.92 230.84 235.02

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
251.52 232.08 237.63 246.58 245.62

          Basic metals

24
372.86 314.06 338.80 350.14 321.66

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
215.06 206.10 205.19 212.93 220.45

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
325.05 296.24 310.27 326.93 334.38

Electrical equipment

27
NA NA NA NA NA

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
NA NA NA NA NA

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
285.28 279.41 275.87 287.92 294.93

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
300.68 283.97 276.44 290.51 301.56

          Other transport equipment

30
269.15 274.58 275.44 284.96 287.38

Furniture

31
192.67 196.26 193.05 198.73 202.12

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
For Taiwan, data relate to manufacturing as defined by the Standard Industrial Classification of the Republic of China. Industry measures only approximately correspond to ISIC Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 34a. United Kingdom, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollars, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
34.20 29.47 29.11 30.77 31.23

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
30.62 26.14 25.52 26.01 26.96

          Food and beverages

10-11
30.36 25.89 25.27 25.76 26.67

                    Food products

10
28.58 24.77 24.21 24.61 25.40

                    Beverages

11
44.00 36.20 35.11 36.71 37.57

          Tobacco products

12
52.56 47.11 46.60 46.97 49.70

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
25.77 22.74 21.87 24.22 24.18

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
25.73 22.23 21.62 24.06 24.01

                    Textiles

13
26.13 22.91 22.51 24.65 24.83

                    Wearing apparel

14
24.74 20.61 19.41 22.60 22.05

Leather and related products

15
26.08 26.79 23.96 25.52 25.34

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
31.78 27.67 26.70 28.43 27.67

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
25.98 23.99 22.26 23.21 22.74

          Paper and paper products

17
34.63 30.18 30.07 32.15 31.47

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
33.31 28.14 27.01 29.03 28.19

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
64.06 55.46 49.06 51.19 48.38

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
39.56 34.15 35.52 37.87 38.87

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
36.53 32.01 33.49 36.89 36.38

          Pharmaceutical products

21
45.32 37.72 39.52 39.86 42.52

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
30.25 26.81 26.77 27.94 27.78

          Rubber and plastics products

22
29.50 26.41 25.99 27.26 26.53

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
31.48 27.40 27.90 29.07 30.21

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
31.34 27.24 27.64 28.97 28.26

          Basic metals

24
35.93 30.68 32.50 32.10 33.49

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
29.72 26.21 26.04 28.10 26.56

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
45.08 33.99 34.38 37.83 37.83

Electrical equipment

27
32.36 27.43 27.54 29.05 28.77

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
35.16 30.10 29.26 32.48 33.23

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
39.41 34.78 34.78 36.99 38.28

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
37.33 32.86 32.71 34.87 35.00

          Other transport equipment

30
42.10 36.26 36.68 38.86 41.37

Furniture

31
26.76 23.19 23.99 24.76 24.75

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Table 34b. United Kingdom, Hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, National currency, 2008-2012
Industry ISIC Rev.4 Code 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

C
18.44 18.82 18.84 19.18 19.70

Food products, beverages and tobacco

10-12
16.51 16.69 16.51 16.21 17.00

          Food and beverages

10-11
16.37 16.53 16.36 16.06 16.82

                    Food products

10
15.41 15.82 15.67 15.34 16.02

                    Beverages

11
23.72 23.11 22.72 22.88 23.70

          Tobacco products

12
28.34 30.08 30.16 29.28 31.35

Textiles, wearing apparel and leather

13-15
13.90 14.52 14.15 15.10 15.25

          Textiles and wearing apparel

13-14
13.87 14.19 13.99 15.00 15.15

                    Textiles

13
14.09 14.63 14.57 15.37 15.67

                    Wearing apparel

14
13.34 13.16 12.56 14.09 13.91

Leather and related products

15
14.06 17.11 15.51 15.91 15.98

Wood and paper products and printing

16-18
17.14 17.67 17.28 17.72 17.46

          Wood and wood products, except furniture

16
14.01 15.32 14.40 14.47 14.34

          Paper and paper products

17
18.67 19.27 19.46 20.04 19.85

          Printing and reproduction of recorded media

18
17.96 17.97 17.48 18.09 17.78

Coke and refined petroleum products

19
34.54 35.41 31.75 31.91 30.52

Chemicals and pharmaceutical products

20-21
21.33 21.81 22.99 23.61 24.52

          Chemicals and chemical products, except pharmaceuticals

20
19.70 20.44 21.68 22.99 22.95

          Pharmaceutical products

21
24.44 24.08 25.58 24.84 26.82

Rubber, plastics and other non-metallic mineral products

22-23
16.31 17.12 17.32 17.41 17.52

          Rubber and plastics products

22
15.90 16.86 16.82 16.99 16.74

          Other non-metallic mineral products

23
16.98 17.49 18.05 18.12 19.06

Primary and fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

24-25
16.90 17.39 17.89 18.06 17.83

          Basic metals

24
19.38 19.59 21.03 20.01 21.12

          Fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment

25
16.03 16.73 16.85 17.52 16.76

Computer, electronic and optical products

26
24.31 21.70 22.25 23.58 23.86

Electrical equipment

27
17.45 17.51 17.83 18.11 18.15

Machinery and equipment n.e.c.

28
18.96 19.22 18.94 20.25 20.96

Motor vehicles and other transport equipment

29-30
21.25 22.21 22.51 23.06 24.15

          Motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers

29
20.13 20.98 21.17 21.73 22.08

          Other transport equipment

30
22.70 23.15 23.74 24.22 26.09

Furniture

31
14.43 14.81 15.52 15.43 15.61

Note:
Compensation costs include direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
Data relate to manufacturing as defined by the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) Revision 4.
For complete information on definitions, industrial classifications, and data sources, see the technical notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichcctn.pdf and country notes at www.bls.gov/ilc/ichccsources.pdf.
'NA' means data not available.
# Break in series. Data are not comparable with data from the previous year.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, International Labor Comparisons, August 2013

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Last updated: Agust 9, 2013