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Economic News Release
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Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Jan.
2024		 Dec.
2024		 Jan.
2025		 Jan.
2024		 Sept.
2024		 Oct.
2024		 Nov.
2024		 Dec.
2024		 Jan.
2025

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

 204,608 205,598 207,088 204,608 205,338 205,444 205,521 205,598 207,088

Civilian labor force

 126,338 127,352 128,282 127,018 128,126 127,746 127,710 127,827 128,988

Participation rate

 61.7 61.9 61.9 62.1 62.4 62.2 62.1 62.2 62.3

Employed

 121,515 122,986 123,231 122,706 123,445 122,901 122,856 123,213 124,431

Employment-population ratio

 59.4 59.8 59.5 60.0 60.1 59.8 59.8 59.9 60.1

Unemployed

 4,823 4,366 5,051 4,312 4,681 4,845 4,854 4,614 4,557

Unemployment rate

 3.8 3.4 3.9 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5

Not in labor force

 78,270 78,245 78,806 77,590 77,212 77,699 77,811 77,770 78,100

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 65,675 66,039 66,565 65,900 66,375 66,431 66,289 66,244 66,794

Participation rate

 69.6 69.6 69.6 69.8 70.1 70.1 69.9 69.8 69.9

Employed

 63,018 63,838 64,034 63,703 64,101 64,078 63,965 64,087 64,721

Employment-population ratio

 66.8 67.3 67.0 67.5 67.7 67.6 67.5 67.6 67.7

Unemployed

 2,657 2,202 2,530 2,196 2,274 2,353 2,324 2,156 2,073

Unemployment rate

 4.0 3.3 3.8 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 56,154 56,522 56,973 56,240 56,670 56,425 56,462 56,502 57,063

Participation rate

 57.6 57.7 57.7 57.7 57.9 57.6 57.6 57.6 57.8

Employed

 54,474 54,816 55,040 54,628 54,921 54,578 54,545 54,607 55,195

Employment-population ratio

 55.8 55.9 55.8 56.0 56.1 55.7 55.7 55.7 55.9

Unemployed

 1,679 1,706 1,933 1,612 1,749 1,847 1,916 1,895 1,868

Unemployment rate

 3.0 3.0 3.4 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 4,510 4,791 4,745 4,879 5,082 4,890 4,959 5,082 5,131

Participation rate

 35.6 37.7 37.0 38.5 39.9 38.4 39.0 40.0 40.0

Employed

 4,022 4,333 4,157 4,376 4,423 4,245 4,346 4,519 4,516

Employment-population ratio

 31.7 34.1 32.4 34.5 34.8 33.4 34.2 35.5 35.2

Unemployed

 487 458 588 503 658 645 613 563 616

Unemployment rate

 10.8 9.6 12.4 10.3 13.0 13.2 12.4 11.1 12.0

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 34,813 35,194 35,621 34,813 35,092 35,128 35,161 35,194 35,621

Civilian labor force

 21,904 21,822 22,131 22,056 22,052 22,086 21,952 21,971 22,260

Participation rate

 62.9 62.0 62.1 63.4 62.8 62.9 62.4 62.4 62.5

Employed

 20,703 20,593 20,704 20,886 20,790 20,821 20,556 20,640 20,874

Employment-population ratio

 59.5 58.5 58.1 60.0 59.2 59.3 58.5 58.6 58.6

Unemployed

 1,201 1,229 1,427 1,169 1,262 1,266 1,396 1,331 1,386

Unemployment rate

 5.5 5.6 6.4 5.3 5.7 5.7 6.4 6.1 6.2

Not in labor force

 12,909 13,372 13,489 12,757 13,040 13,042 13,208 13,223 13,361

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,197 10,137 10,400 10,265 10,342 10,330 10,267 10,207 10,451

Participation rate

 68.9 67.8 68.7 69.4 69.3 69.2 68.7 68.2 69.0

Employed

 9,606 9,587 9,625 9,714 9,809 9,745 9,655 9,631 9,728

Employment-population ratio

 64.9 64.1 63.6 65.6 65.8 65.3 64.6 64.4 64.2

Unemployed

 590 550 775 551 533 585 612 576 723

Unemployment rate

 5.8 5.4 7.5 5.4 5.2 5.7 6.0 5.6 6.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,940 10,928 11,108 10,970 10,941 10,993 10,953 10,986 11,133

Participation rate

 62.8 62.1 62.4 63.0 62.3 62.6 62.3 62.4 62.5

Employed

 10,416 10,386 10,510 10,446 10,356 10,444 10,301 10,388 10,534

Employment-population ratio

 59.8 59.0 59.0 59.9 59.0 59.5 58.6 59.0 59.2

Unemployed

 525 542 598 524 585 549 651 598 598

Unemployment rate

 4.8 5.0 5.4 4.8 5.3 5.0 5.9 5.4 5.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 767 757 623 821 769 764 733 778 677

Participation rate

 29.6 28.7 23.3 31.7 29.3 29.0 27.8 29.5 25.3

Employed

 681 620 569 726 625 632 600 621 612

Employment-population ratio

 26.3 23.5 21.3 28.0 23.7 24.0 22.8 23.5 22.9

Unemployed

 86 137 54 95 145 132 133 157 64

Unemployment rate

 11.3 18.1 8.7 11.6 18.8 17.3 18.1 20.2 9.5

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 17,930 18,174 19,111 17,930 17,902 18,107 18,213 18,174 19,111

Civilian labor force

 11,495 11,626 12,283 11,568 11,664 11,835 11,759 11,680 12,359

Participation rate

 64.1 64.0 64.3 64.5 65.2 65.4 64.6 64.3 64.7

Employed

 11,146 11,242 11,815 11,231 11,185 11,370 11,318 11,267 11,906

Employment-population ratio

 62.2 61.9 61.8 62.6 62.5 62.8 62.1 62.0 62.3

Unemployed

 349 383 467 337 478 466 441 413 453

Unemployment rate

 3.0 3.3 3.8 2.9 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.5 3.7

Not in labor force

 6,435 6,548 6,828 6,363 6,238 6,272 6,454 6,494 6,752

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
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Last Modified Date: April 24, 2025