U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2021		 Nov.
2022		 Dec.
2022		 Dec.
2021		 Aug.
2022		 Sept.
2022		 Oct.
2022		 Nov.
2022		 Dec.
2022

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

 4.0 3.6 3.5 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

 4.7 4.2 4.0 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.2

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

 7.2 6.4 6.4 7.3 7.0 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.5

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table of Contents
Last Modified Date: August 29, 2024