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Economic News Release
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Table 1. Workers with access to paid leave by selected characteristics, averages for the periods 2011 and 2017-2018

Table 1. Workers with access to paid leave by selected characteristics, averages for the periods 2011 and 2017-2018
Characteristic Percent of workers with access to paid leave
2011(1) 2017-18(1) Change from 2011 to 2017-18
(percentage points)(2)
Yes No Do not
know		 Yes No Do not
know		 Yes No Do not
know

Age

Total, 15 years and over

 90.2 98.4 9.2 94.8 94.0 9.2 9.6 9.4 9.0

15 to 24 years

 95.9 91.0 9.0 97.2 99.7 9.1 91.2 91.3 9.1

25 to 34 years

 93.9 95.0 9.9 99.0 90.2 9.7 9.2 9.8 9.2

35 to 44 years

 97.3 91.5 9.8 91.0 98.1 9.9 9.7 9.4 9.1

45 to 54 years

 91.5 98.1 9.4 91.2 97.6 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.7

55 to 64 years

 96.7 91.7 9.1 92.9 96.2 9.9 9.2 9.5 9.2

65 years and over

 96.6 91.3 9.8 99.2 90.6 9.2 9.6 9.7 9.6

Sex

Men

 91.9 96.9 9.0 96.4 92.7 9.9 9.5 9.2 9.1

Women

 98.3 90.1 9.4 92.9 95.5 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.2

Race

White

 90.2 98.5 9.2 95.0 93.8 9.2 9.8 9.7 9.0

Black or African American

 90.9 97.9 9.0 91.1 97.9 9.0 9.2 9.0 9.0

Asian

 94.8 94.1 9.2 90.9 97.9 9.2 9.1 9.3 9.0

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity(3)

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

 93.6 94.5 9.9 99.1 99.0 9.9 9.5 9.5 9.1

Non-Hispanic or Latino

 92.8 95.9 9.0 97.9 91.1 9.1 9.1 9.9 9.0

Educational attainment (25 years and over)

Less than a high school diploma

 95.0 93.8 9.2 97.0 99.9 9.1 9.0 9.9 9.9

High school graduates, no college

 92.5 96.9 9.5 92.3 96.6 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.7

Some college or associate degree

 98.0 90.8 9.9 99.7 99.8 9.5 9.7 9.0 9.3

Bachelor's degree and higher

 94.1 94.6 9.0 98.1 91.3 9.6 9.0 9.3 9.4

Parent of a household child

Parent of a household child under 18 years

 95.0 94.2 9.7 99.8 99.1 9.1 9.8 9.1 9.5

Parent of a child 13 to 17 years (none younger)

 98.1 91.6 9.3 92.0 97.8 9.2 9.9 9.8 9.1

Parent of a child under 13 years

 94.2 94.8 9.8 99.2 99.4 9.4 9.0 9.4 9.6

Not a parent of a household child under 18 years

 97.7 90.6 9.4 92.3 96.5 9.2 9.5 9.1 9.2

Occupation

Management, business, and financial operations

 91.5 97.1 9.9 92.0 97.4 9.7 9.5 9.3 9.2

Professional and related

 91.0 97.9 9.8 95.1 94.2 9.7 9.1 9.6 9.1

Services

 96.0 92.0 9.0 92.0 95.4 9.6 9.0 9.6 9.6

Sales and related

 96.0 90.6 9.3 98.4 98.0 9.6 92.4 92.6 9.3

Office and administrative support

 96.4 92.7 9.6 98.5 91.1 9.4 9.1 9.6 9.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry

 s s s s s s s s s

Construction and extraction

 97.0 92.6 9.4 99.7 90.3 z 9.7 9.3 9.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair

 91.1 98.7 9.1 97.8 90.0 9.2 9.6 9.7 9.1

Production

 93.6 95.7 9.7 98.5 90.9 9.5 9.9 9.8 9.1

Transportation and material moving

 98.7 90.6 9.5 99.7 99.4 9.9 -9.0 9.9 9.4

Industry

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting

 s s s s s s s s s

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

 s s s s s s s s s

Construction

 91.1 98.2 9.5 95.2 94.8 z 9.1 9.4 9.5

Manufacturing

 93.8 95.3 9.8 97.5 92.1 9.4 9.7 9.2 9.4

Wholesale and retail trade

 94.4 92.7 9.9 91.0 96.4 9.7 9.5 9.4 9.2

Transportation and utilities

 93.1 96.4 z 99.9 99.8 9.3 9.1 9.4 9.3

Information

 92.4 96.5 9.1 93.4 96.6 z 91.0 90.0 9.1

Financial activities

 91.1 98.1 9.2 95.2 93.6 9.3 9.0 9.5 9.1

Professional and business services

 99.1 99.5 9.4 99.5 90.0 9.5 90.5 -9.6 9.9

Education and health services

 95.9 93.2 9.6 97.2 91.8 9.0 9.3 9.4 9.5

Leisure and hospitality

 94.7 91.8 9.2 94.5 91.9 9.6 9.8 -9.9 9.3

Other services

 93.4 96.3 9.2 96.9 92.7 9.4 9.4 9.6 9.2

Public administration

 99.2 90.7 9.2 98.8 90.6 9.6 9.3 9.1 9.4

Class of worker

Private sector

 96.8 91.7 9.3 92.1 96.6 9.3 9.3 9.1 9.0

Private, for profit

 96.2 92.2 9.4 91.4 97.2 9.4 9.2 9.0 9.1

Private, not for profit

 93.0 96.7 9.3 98.1 91.7 9.1 9.1 9.9 9.2

Public sector

 96.1 93.1 9.7 97.7 91.5 9.7 9.7 9.5 9.0

Federal government

 96.3 92.0 9.7 98.4 91.6 z 9.1 9.4 9.7

State government

 95.3 94.2 9.5 91.6 96.5 9.9 9.7 9.3 9.4

Local government

 93.1 96.0 9.6 98.1 91.8 9.2 9.0 9.2 9.4

Full- and part-time status (single jobholders only)(4)

Full-time workers

 92.7 96.2 9.9 96.2 93.0 9.8 9.5 9.2 9.1

Part-time workers

 92.7 94.4 9.7 94.1 92.7 9.2 9.4 9.7 9.5

Usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers
(single jobholders only)

Earnings less than or equal to the 25th percentile

 90.1 98.2 9.5 93.4 95.3 9.3 9.3 9.9 9.2

Earnings from 25th to 50th percentiles

 97.1 91.9 9.9 98.4 90.6 9.0 9.3 9.3 9.1

Earnings from 50th to 75th percentiles

 91.2 97.8 9.7 93.4 96.1 9.5 9.2 9.6 9.2

Earnings greater than the 75th percentile

 92.8 96.4 9.4 97.6 92.0 9.4 9.8 9.5 9.0

(1) The subcategories do not sum to 100 percent because a small number of workers did not provide this information.
(2) Changes were calculated using unrounded estimates for 2011 and 2017-18, and thus they sometimes differ from calculations based on the estimates shown in this table.
(3) Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.
(4) Full-time workers usually work 35 hours or more per week. Part-time workers usually work less than 35 hours per week.
s - Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
z - Estimate is approximately zero.

Note: Data refer to wage and salary workers at their main jobs. All self-employed workers (including workers with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses) are excluded. Unless otherwise specified, data refer to workers 15 years and over.
Table of Contents
Last Modified Date: October 05, 2023