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For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, September 25, 2019 USDL-18-1501 Technical information: Employment: (202) 691-6559 * sminfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/sae Unemployment: (202) 691-6392 * lausinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/lau Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov Characteristics of Unemployment Insurance Applicants and Benefit Recipients 2018 Unemployment rates were lower in August in 13 states, higher in 3 states, and stable in 34 states and the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Eleven states had jobless rate decreases from a year earlier and 39 states and the District had little or no change. The national unemployment rate was unchanged from July at 3.9 percent but was 0.5 percentage point lower than in August 2017. //UISUP QCT Resilio Test 10/02/2023// Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 4 states in August 2018 and was essentially unchanged in 46 states and the District of Columbia. Over the year, 35 states added nonfarm payroll jobs and 15 states and the District were essentially unchanged. Unemployment Hawaii had the lowest unemployment rate in August, 2.1 percent. The rates in Idaho (2.8 percent), Oregon (3.8 percent), South Carolina (3.4 percent), and Washington (4.5 percent) set new series lows. (All state series begin in 1976.) Alaska had the highest jobless rate, 6.7 percent. In total, 15 states had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 3.9 percent, 9 states and the District of Columbia had higher rates, and 26 states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1.) In August, 13 states had unemployment rate decreases, the largest of which were in Alaska, Michigan, North Carolina, and South Carolina (-0.2 percentage point each). Three states had over-the-month rate increases: Maine (+0.2 percentage point) and Colorado and Wyoming (+0.1 point each). The remaining 34 states and the District of Columbia had jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.) Eleven states had unemployment rate changes from August 2017, all of which were decreases. The largest decline occurred in New Mexico (-1.4 percentage points). (See table C.) Nonfarm Payroll Employment Four states had over-the-month increases in nonfarm payroll employment in August 2018: California (+44,800), Texas (+32,000), Arizona (+21,900), and Florida (+20,500). In percentage terms, the largest increase occurred in Arizona (+0.8 percent), followed by California and Texas (+0.3 percent each) and Florida (+0.2 percent). (See table 3.) Thirty-five states had over-the-year increases in nonfarm payroll employment in August. The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+394,500), California (+348,900), and Florida (+220,200). The largest percentage gain occurred in Utah (+3.5 percent), followed by Nevada and Washington (+3.3 percent each). (See table D.) _____________ The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for August is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, October 3, 2018, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT). The State Employment and Unemployment news release for September is scheduled to be released on Friday, October 19, 2018, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT). Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that of the U.S., August 2018, seasonally adjusted -------------------------------------------------------------- State | Rate(p) -------------------------------------------------------------- United States (1) ...................| 3.9 | Alaska ..............................| 6.7 Arizona .............................| 4.6 Colorado ............................| 2.9 District of Columbia ................| 5.6 Hawaii ..............................| 2.1 Idaho ...............................| 2.8 Iowa ................................| 2.5 Kansas ..............................| 3.3 Louisiana ...........................| 5.0 Maine ...............................| 3.2 | Minnesota ...........................| 2.9 Mississippi .........................| 4.8 Nebraska ............................| 2.8 Nevada ..............................| 4.5 New Hampshire .......................| 2.7 New Mexico ..........................| 4.6 North Dakota ........................| 2.6 Ohio ................................| 4.6 South Dakota ........................| 3.0 Utah ................................| 3.1 | Vermont .............................| 2.8 Virginia ............................| 3.0 Washington ..........................| 4.5 West Virginia .......................| 5.3 Wisconsin ...........................| 3.0 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Data are not preliminary. p = preliminary. Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from July 2018 to August 2018, seasonally adjusted ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Rate | |-----------|-----------| Over-the-month State | July | August | change(p) | 2018 | 2018(p) | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alaska .........................| 6.9 | 6.7 | -0.2 Colorado .......................| 2.8 | 2.9 | .1 Georgia ........................| 3.9 | 3.8 | -.1 Idaho ..........................| 2.9 | 2.8 | -.1 Iowa ...........................| 2.6 | 2.5 | -.1 Maine ..........................| 3.0 | 3.2 | .2 Michigan .......................| 4.3 | 4.1 | -.2 Minnesota ......................| 3.0 | 2.9 | -.1 New Mexico .....................| 4.7 | 4.6 | -.1 New York .......................| 4.3 | 4.2 | -.1 | | | North Carolina .................| 4.1 | 3.9 | -.2 Oklahoma .......................| 3.8 | 3.7 | -.1 South Carolina .................| 3.6 | 3.4 | -.2 South Dakota ...................| 3.1 | 3.0 | -.1 Washington .....................| 4.6 | 4.5 | -.1 Wyoming ........................| 3.8 | 3.9 | .1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- p = preliminary. Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from August 2017 to August 2018, seasonally adjusted ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Rate | |-----------|-----------| Over-the-year State | August | August | change(p) | 2017 | 2018(p) | ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alaska .........................| 7.2 | 6.7 | -0.5 California .....................| 4.6 | 4.2 | -.4 Delaware .......................| 4.6 | 3.9 | -.7 Georgia ........................| 4.5 | 3.8 | -.7 Illinois .......................| 5.0 | 4.1 | -.9 Iowa ...........................| 3.0 | 2.5 | -.5 New Mexico .....................| 6.0 | 4.6 | -1.4 New York .......................| 4.7 | 4.2 | -.5 Pennsylvania ...................| 4.8 | 4.1 | -.7 South Carolina .................| 4.2 | 3.4 | -.8 Virginia .......................| 3.7 | 3.0 | -.7 ------------------------------------------------------------------------- p = preliminary. Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from August 2017 to August 2018, seasonally adjusted -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | | Over-the-year change(p) State | August | August |--------------------------- | 2017 | 2018(p) | Level | Percent -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Alabama ......................| 2,017,900 | 2,040,500 | 22,600 | 1.1 Arizona ......................| 2,785,200 | 2,864,900 | 79,700 | 2.9 California ...................| 16,843,000 | 17,191,900 | 348,900 | 2.1 Colorado .....................| 2,668,300 | 2,740,500 | 72,200 | 2.7 Florida ......................| 8,602,000 | 8,822,200 | 220,200 | 2.6 Georgia ......................| 4,464,300 | 4,553,200 | 88,900 | 2.0 Hawaii .......................| 649,200 | 666,900 | 17,700 | 2.7 Idaho ........................| 717,500 | 739,500 | 22,000 | 3.1 Illinois .....................| 6,072,500 | 6,120,000 | 47,500 | .8 Iowa .........................| 1,572,200 | 1,593,300 | 21,100 | 1.3 | | | | Kansas .......................| 1,403,700 | 1,430,300 | 26,600 | 1.9 Massachusetts ................| 3,617,000 | 3,685,100 | 68,100 | 1.9 Michigan .....................| 4,378,200 | 4,434,500 | 56,300 | 1.3 Minnesota ....................| 2,932,100 | 2,976,500 | 44,400 | 1.5 Mississippi ..................| 1,151,000 | 1,169,500 | 18,500 | 1.6 Missouri .....................| 2,870,400 | 2,905,700 | 35,300 | 1.2 Nebraska .....................| 1,018,000 | 1,032,300 | 14,300 | 1.4 Nevada .......................| 1,344,600 | 1,389,400 | 44,800 | 3.3 New Hampshire ................| 677,400 | 689,300 | 11,900 | 1.8 New Jersey ...................| 4,134,200 | 4,195,700 | 61,500 | 1.5 | | | | New Mexico ...................| 830,000 | 846,300 | 16,300 | 2.0 New York .....................| 9,541,600 | 9,631,800 | 90,200 | .9 North Carolina ...............| 4,424,800 | 4,527,600 | 102,800 | 2.3 Ohio .........................| 5,535,500 | 5,625,700 | 90,200 | 1.6 Oklahoma .....................| 1,662,900 | 1,696,000 | 33,100 | 2.0 Oregon .......................| 1,876,300 | 1,920,800 | 44,500 | 2.4 Pennsylvania .................| 5,953,100 | 6,018,500 | 65,400 | 1.1 South Carolina ...............| 2,089,800 | 2,130,400 | 40,600 | 1.9 Tennessee ....................| 3,014,400 | 3,070,400 | 56,000 | 1.9 Texas ........................| 12,232,000 | 12,626,500 | 394,500 | 3.2 | | | | Utah .........................| 1,471,400 | 1,523,300 | 51,900 | 3.5 Virginia .....................| 3,955,900 | 4,010,700 | 54,800 | 1.4 Washington ...................| 3,330,900 | 3,439,700 | 108,800 | 3.3 Wisconsin ....................| 2,943,500 | 2,987,700 | 44,200 | 1.5 Wyoming ......................| 282,400 | 288,900 | 6,500 | 2.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p = preliminary.
Technical Note This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll employment estimates by state and industry supersector from the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative endeavors. Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed people and unemployed people on a place-of- residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation. Unemployed people are those who were not employed during the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently available for work; people on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force. Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of California and New York State are produced using time-series models. This method, which underwent substantial enhancement at the beginning of 2015, utilizes data from several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria and Detroit-Warren- Dearborn metropolitan areas and the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami- Miami Beach-Kendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) and their respective balances of state are produced using a similar model-based approach. Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request. Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical data for the most recent five years are revised near the beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of times-series models in early 2015, historical data were re-estimated back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994. Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, seasonal, and irregular components. Prior to 2018, the benchmarked trend component of each measure had been smoothed using a Trend-Cycle Cascade Filter. With changes implemented in early 2018, the benchmarked signals of employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of employed and unemployed people are summed to derive the civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published on the BLS website. During estimation for the current year, the smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data are smoothed using a two-sided filter. In early 2018, historical data were re-estimated back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994 to incorporate the changes to the seasonal adjustment and smoothing procedures described above. Area definitions. The substate area data published in this release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on July 15, 2015. A detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Employment--from the CES program Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where possible these data are produced using a "weighted link relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a sample of establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month's employment estimates. The weighted link relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample size meets certain statistical criteria. For some employment series, the sample of establishments is very small or highly variable. In these cases, a model-based approach is used in estimation. These models use the direct sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in estimation. Two different models (Fay-Herriot Model and Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level being estimated.For more detailed information about each model, refer to the BLS Handbook of Methods. Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by employers who are covered under state unemployment insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf. Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments. Beginning with the release of January 2018 preliminary estimates, payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates including those for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for the current month's preliminary estimate as well as the previous month's final estimate in order to incorporate real-time estimates. Previously, the sample-based seasonal factors were forecasted once annually at the beginning of the year and applied to the sample-based estimates for the 12 months of the year. Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each individual state. BLS independently develops a national employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to national totals. Because each state series is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series, summing them cumulates individual state-level errors and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states" employment series, and cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure. Reliability of the estimates The estimates presented in this release are based on sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling variability--that is, variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used. Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month generally are cited only if they have been determined to be significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and over-the-year changes in rates are available at www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of nonsampling error are not available. Additional information Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force, employed people, unemployed people, and unemployment rates for approximately 7,000 subnational areas are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Characteristic | Unemployed who worked in the past 12 months (1) |
UI benefit applicants | Did not apply for UI benefits |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Percent of unemployed |
UI benefit recipients | |||||
Total | Percent of UI benefit applicants |
Percent of unemployed |
|||||
Age |
|||||||
Total, 16 years and over |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
16 to 24 years |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
25 to 54 years |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
55 years and over |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Sex |
|||||||
Men |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Women |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
|||||||
White |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Black or African American |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Asian |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Disability status |
|||||||
With a disability |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
With no disability |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Foreign born status |
|||||||
Foreign born |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Native born |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Reason for unemployment |
|||||||
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Job leavers |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Reentrants |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Duration of unemployment |
|||||||
Less than 5 weeks |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
5 to 14 weeks |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
15 to 26 weeks |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
27 weeks and over |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Certification and licensing status |
|||||||
With a certification or license |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Without a certification or license |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Educational attainment |
|||||||
Total, 25 years and over |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Less than a high school diploma |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
High school graduates, no college (2) |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | - | 99,999 |
Some college or associate degree |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Bachelor's degree and higher (3) |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
(1) Includes a relatively small number of persons who did not provide information about applying for UI benefits, not shown separately. |
|||||||
NOTE: Estimates are an average of data collected in May and September 2018. Data exclude unemployed persons with no previous work experience and those who last worked more than 12 months prior to the survey. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). |
Characteristic | Unemployed who worked in the past 12 months (1) |
UI benefit applicants | Did not apply for UI benefits |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Percent of unemployed |
UI benefit recipients | |||||
Total | Percent of UI benefit applicants |
Percent of unemployed |
|||||
Total, 16 years and over |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Union status on last job (2) |
|||||||
Union member or represented by a union |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Nonunion |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Occupation of last job (3) |
|||||||
Management, professional, and related occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Management, business, and financial operations occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Professional and related occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Service occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Sales and office occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Sales and related occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Office and administrative support occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | - | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | - | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Construction and extraction occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Production occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Transportation and material moving occupations |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Industry of last job (3) |
|||||||
Agriculture and related industries |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | - | 99,999 |
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Construction |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Manufacturing |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Wholesale and retail trade |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Transportation and utilities |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Information |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Financial activities |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Professional and business services |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Education and health services |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Leisure and hospitality |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Other services |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Public administration |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
(1) Includes a relatively small number of persons who did not provide information about applying for UI benefits, not shown separately. |
|||||||
NOTE: Estimates are an average of data collected in May and September 2018. Data exclude unemployed persons with no previous work experience and those who last worked more than 12 months prior to the survey. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). |
Main reason for not applying for UI benefits | Unemployed persons (1) who did not apply for UI benefits |
|
---|---|---|
Total | Percent distribution |
|
Total, 16 years and over |
99,999 | 100.0 |
Eligibility issues |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Job separation type (quit, misconduct, etc.) or work not covered by UI |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Insufficient past work |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Previous exhaustion of benefits |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Any other reason concerning eligibility |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Barrier to applying for UI benefits |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Do not need the money or do not want the hassle |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Negative attitude about UI |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Do not know about UI or do not know how to apply |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Problems with application process |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Other reasons for not applying for UI benefits |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Expect to start working soon |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Constraints on accepting employment |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Plan to file soon |
99,999 | 99.9 |
All other reasons |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Reason not provided |
99,999 | 99.9 |
(1) Data exclude unemployed persons with no previous work experience and those who last worked more than 12 months prior to the survey. |
||
NOTE: Estimates are an average of data collected in May and September 2018. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). |
Characteristic | Marginally attached to the labor force who worked in the past 12 months (1) |
UI benefit applicants | Did not apply for UI benefits |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Percent of marginally attached |
UI benefit recipients | ||||
Total | Percent of marginally attached |
|||||
Age |
||||||
Total, 16 years and over |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
16 to 24 years |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
25 to 54 years |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
55 years and over |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Sex |
||||||
Men |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Women |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
||||||
White |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Black or African American |
99,999 | 99,999 | - | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Asian |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Educational attainment |
||||||
Total, 25 years and over |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Less than a high school diploma |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
High school graduates, no college (2) |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Some college or associate degree |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
Bachelor's degree and higher (3) |
99,999 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 | 99.9 | 99,999 |
(1) Includes a relatively small number of persons who did not provide information about applying for UI benefits, not shown separately. |
||||||
NOTE: Estimates are an average of data collected in May and September 2018. Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who are neither employed nor unemployed, who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks prior to the survey. All data in this table refer to the subset of persons marginally attached to the labor force who have worked in the past 12 months. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). |
Main reason for not applying for UI benefits | Marginally attached (1) who did not apply for UI benefits |
|
---|---|---|
Total | Percent distribution |
|
Total, 16 years and over |
99,999 | 100.0 |
Eligibility issues |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Job separation type (quit, misconduct, etc.) or work not covered by UI |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Insufficient past work |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Previous exhaustion of benefits |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Any other reason concerning eligibility |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Barrier to applying for UI benefits |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Do not need the money or do not want the hassle |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Negative attitude about UI |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Do not know about UI or do not know how to apply |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Problems with application process |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Other reasons for not applying for UI benefits |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Expect to start working soon |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Constraints on accepting employment |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Plan to file soon |
99,999 | 99.9 |
All other reasons |
99,999 | 99.9 |
Reason not provided |
99,999 | 99.9 |
(1) Data refer to the subset of persons marginally attached to the labor force who have worked in the past 12 months. (Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who are neither employed nor unemployed, who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks prior to the survey.) |
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NOTE: Estimates are an average of data collected in May and September 2018. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). |