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Economic News Release
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Table 5. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by state

NC-06/12/2024
Table 5. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by state, 2019-2020 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
State 2019 2020
Total
employed		 Members
of
unions(1)		 Represented
by unions(2)		 Total
employed		 Members
of
unions(1)		 Represented
by unions(2)
Total Percent
of
employed		 Total Percent
of
employed		 Total Percent
of
employed		 Total Percent
of
employed

Alabama

 2,041 173 8.5 199 9.8 1,896 151 8.0 164 8.7

Alaska

 282 48 17.1 53 18.7 280 49 17.7 55 19.5

Arizona

 3,028 174 5.7 214 7.1 2,909 155 5.3 207 7.1

Arkansas

 1,200 62 5.2 71 5.9 1,158 55 4.7 69 5.9

California

 16,485 2,504 15.2 2,726 16.5 15,069 2,441 16.2 2,655 17.6

Colorado

 2,631 237 9.0 259 9.8 2,470 182 7.4 202 8.2

Connecticut

 1,680 244 14.5 269 16.0 1,533 262 17.1 282 18.4

Delaware

 432 38 8.7 43 9.9 424 41 9.7 44 10.3

District of Columbia

 361 34 9.3 37 10.2 343 30 8.6 33 9.5

Florida

 8,827 551 6.2 667 7.6 8,155 524 6.4 644 7.9

Georgia

 4,422 180 4.1 223 5.0 4,173 194 4.6 271 6.5

Hawaii

 574 135 23.5 147 25.5 508 120 23.7 130 25.7

Idaho

 764 37 4.9 46 6.0 732 41 5.6 47 6.4

Illinois

 5,658 771 13.6 832 14.7 5,178 739 14.3 788 15.2

Indiana

 3,007 249 8.3 296 9.8 2,838 235 8.3 270 9.5

Iowa

 1,543 97 6.3 122 7.9 1,401 93 6.6 128 9.1

Kansas

 1,280 112 8.7 130 10.1 1,282 114 8.9 144 11.2

Kentucky

 1,786 144 8.0 169 9.5 1,694 127 7.5 160 9.4

Louisiana

 1,784 94 5.3 108 6.1 1,682 99 5.9 113 6.7

Maine

 588 69 11.8 81 13.7 559 82 14.7 93 16.7

Maryland

 2,912 330 11.3 371 12.8 2,690 351 13.1 380 14.1

Massachusetts

 3,397 406 12.0 449 13.2 2,982 357 12.0 383 12.8

Michigan

 4,323 589 13.6 648 15.0 3,974 604 15.2 661 16.6

Minnesota

 2,662 364 13.7 381 14.3 2,515 398 15.8 427 17.0

Mississippi

 1,105 70 6.3 93 8.4 1,034 74 7.1 86 8.3

Missouri

 2,661 297 11.1 333 12.5 2,525 238 9.4 254 10.1

Montana

 437 46 10.5 52 12.0 419 50 12.0 54 13.0

Nebraska

 894 75 8.4 86 9.6 890 85 9.6 94 10.5

Nevada

 1,379 201 14.6 222 16.1 1,208 161 13.4 186 15.4

New Hampshire

 677 69 10.3 79 11.6 629 62 9.8 70 11.1

New Jersey

 4,094 642 15.7 712 17.4 3,719 600 16.1 660 17.8

New Mexico

 813 58 7.1 72 8.8 743 53 7.1 64 8.6

New York

 8,253 1,732 21.0 1,877 22.7 7,552 1,661 22.0 1,784 23.6

North Carolina

 4,396 102 2.3 150 3.4 4,128 129 3.1 161 3.9

North Dakota

 356 21 6.0 27 7.5 338 21 6.2 25 7.4

Ohio

 5,127 610 11.9 673 13.1 4,815 637 13.2 686 14.2

Oklahoma

 1,554 96 6.2 123 7.9 1,501 90 6.0 114 7.6

Oregon

 1,772 255 14.4 277 15.7 1,694 275 16.2 293 17.3

Pennsylvania

 5,642 676 12.0 740 13.1 5,307 717 13.5 775 14.6

Rhode Island

 475 83 17.4 90 19.0 455 81 17.8 87 19.1

South Carolina

 2,140 47 2.2 59 2.7 2,036 59 2.9 77 3.8

South Dakota

 395 22 5.6 26 6.7 385 17 4.3 21 5.5

Tennessee

 2,947 135 4.6 162 5.5 2,678 117 4.4 137 5.1

Texas

 12,334 497 4.0 642 5.2 11,607 563 4.9 693 6.0

Utah

 1,409 62 4.4 83 5.9 1,403 51 3.7 75 5.4

Vermont

 290 33 11.2 35 12.0 265 31 11.8 36 13.8

Virginia

 3,881 156 4.0 201 5.2 3,703 164 4.4 201 5.4

Washington

 3,393 638 18.8 684 20.2 3,201 557 17.4 596 18.6

West Virginia

 704 72 10.2 78 11.1 666 71 10.7 75 11.3

Wisconsin

 2,698 218 8.1 245 9.1 2,592 227 8.7 264 10.2

Wyoming

 243 18 7.3 21 8.7 240 18 7.6 22 9.3

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union.
(2) Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract.

NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses as well as those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Table of Contents
Last Modified Date: February 06, 2025