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Employed women more likely than employed men to work at home on days they worked in 2021
July 01, 2022
Employed women were more likely than employed men to work at home on days they worked in 2021. Both groups were more likely to work at home in 2021 than they were in 2019, before the COVID-19 pandemic began. Employed women and men were equally likely to work at home in 2003.
Percent of employed people who worked at home on days they worked, by sex, averages for 2003–21
Year
Total, 15 years and older
Men
Women
2003
18.6%
18.1%
19.3%
2004
19.2
19.3
19.1
2005
19.6
20.7
18.3
2006
21.1
21.6
20.6
2007
19.9
19.9
19.9
2008
21.1
20.0
22.4
2009
23.6
23.4
23.8
2010
23.6
22.9
24.5
2011
21.3
20.6
22.2
2012
23.2
23.2
23.3
2013
22.9
23.0
22.8
2014
23.1
23.8
22.2
2015
24.1
23.9
24.2
2016
22.3
21.3
23.6
2017
23.4
21.5
25.7
2018
23.7
23.3
24.2
2019
23.7
21.8
26.2
2021
38.1
35.3
41.5
Note: Annual 2020 estimates cannot be produced due to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection.
On days they worked at home, employed people spent more than twice as much time working at home in 2021 (5.6 hours) as they did in 2003 (2.6 hours). The largest change in hours worked at home occurred between 2019 (3.3 hours) and 2021, showing continued use of expanded telework during the COVID-19 pandemic. Women spent about the same time working at home as did men in both 2021 and 2003.
Average hours worked at home on days employed people worked, by sex, averages for 2003–21
Year
Total, 15 years and older
Men
Women
2003
2.56
2.51
2.62
2004
2.83
3.15
2.44
2005
2.59
2.59
2.59
2006
2.64
2.60
2.70
2007
2.82
2.83
2.80
2008
2.90
3.03
2.74
2009
2.98
3.12
2.81
2010
2.96
2.91
3.02
2011
2.88
2.72
3.06
2012
3.01
3.07
2.93
2013
2.99
3.16
2.78
2014
3.17
3.41
2.86
2015
3.22
3.31
3.11
2016
3.13
3.28
2.95
2017
3.13
3.02
3.24
2018
2.94
3.11
2.74
2019
3.27
3.01
3.53
2021
5.61
5.77
5.45
Note: Annual 2020 estimates cannot be produced due to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection.
These data are from the American Time Use Survey. These averages include all time spent working at home, regardless of whether the work was done on a scheduled workday. The charts do not include annual estimates for 2020 because those estimates cannot be produced due to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection. For more information, see “American Time Use Survey — 2021 Results.” We also have more charts on American Time Use Survey data.
United States Department of Labor
