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35 percent of employed people did some or all of their work at home on days they worked in 2023
July 15, 2024
On days they worked in 2023, 35 percent of employed people did some or all of their work at home and 73 percent of employed people did some or all of their work at their workplace. The share of employed people who spent time working at home on days they worked was about the same as in 2022 (34 percent) but higher than in 2019 (24 percent), before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Percent of employed people who worked at home on days they worked, age 15 years and over, by sex
Year
Total
Men
Women
2013
22.9
23.0
22.8
2014
23.1
23.8
22.2
2015
24.1
23.9
24.2
2016
22.3
21.3
23.6
2017
23.4
21.5
25.7
2018
23.7
23.3
24.2
2019
23.7
21.8
26.2
2021
38.1
35.3
41.5
2022
33.8
28.0
41.0
2023
34.6
33.5
35.9
Note: Annual 2020 estimates cannot be produced due to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection.
On days they worked in 2023, employed women and men were about equally likely to do some or all of their work at home (36 percent and 34 percent). Workers with higher levels of education were more likely to work at home than were those who had less education. Among workers age 25 and over, 52 percent of employed people with a bachelor’s degree or higher performed some work at home on days they worked, compared with 22 percent of those with a high school diploma and no college.
Percent of employed people who worked at home on days they worked, age 25 years and over, by educational attainment
Year
Less than a high school diploma
High school graduates, no college
Some college or associate degree
Bachelor's degree and higher
2013
7.1
17.0
18.9
36.2
2014
11.5
13.8
17.5
39.1
2015
7.2
14.0
19.8
39.2
2016
8.8
12.0
20.6
36.2
2017
12.5
12.4
18.6
37.6
2018
12.9
11.9
20.8
36.8
2019
10.1
15.5
19.4
37.2
2021
5.9
18.8
30.6
59.8
2022
8.0
17.5
28.9
53.7
2023
11.0
22.0
26.5
52.4
Note: Annual 2020 estimates cannot be produced due to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection.
These data are from the American Time Use Survey. These averages include all time spent working at home, regardless of whether the work was done on a scheduled workday. The charts do not include annual estimates for 2020 because those estimates cannot be produced due to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on data collection. For more information, see “American Time Use Survey — 2023 Results.” We also have more charts on American Time Use Survey data.
United States Department of Labor
