From March 2021 to June 2021, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Illinois were 298,372, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 274,482, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Jason Palmer noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 23,890 jobs in the private sector during the second quarter of 2021. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 116,150. (See chart 1.)

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the second quarter of 2021, gross job gains represented 6.0 percent of private-sector employment in Illinois; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 6.7 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Illinois, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 246,893 in the second quarter of 2021, a decrease of 50,744 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 51,479 jobs gained in the second quarter of 2021, a decrease of 2,900 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the second quarter of 2021, gross job losses represented 5.6 percent of private-sector employment in Illinois; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.9 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Illinois, contracting establishments lost 235,155 jobs in the second quarter of 2021, an increase of 38,633 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 39,327 jobs, a decrease of 17 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in 6 of the 11 industry sectors in Illinois in the second quarter of 2021. Professional and business services had the largest over-the-quarter net job decrease, with a loss of 6,234 jobs. This was the result of 61,102 gross job gains and 67,336 gross job losses. Illinois’ transportation and warehousing industry and manufacturing industry sectors had net losses of 2,384 jobs and 2,159 jobs, respectively. Leisure and hospitality had a net gain of 33,671 jobs.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2021 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 27, 2022.

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are either units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Illinois, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and job losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2020	Sept 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	June 2021	June 2020	Sept 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	June 2021
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	220,967	457,067	311,130	352,016	298,372	4.5	9.7	6.5	7.2	6.0
At expanding establishments	170,205	371,514	257,964	297,637	246,893	3.5	7.9	5.4	6.1	5.0
At opening establishments	50,762	85,553	53,166	54,379	51,479	1.0	1.8	1.1	1.1	1.0
Gross job losses	893,653	262,529	292,410	235,866	274,482	18.2	5.6	6.1	4.9	5.6
At contracting establishments	779,174	215,571	238,240	196,522	235,155	15.9	4.6	5.0	4.1	4.8
At closing establishments	114,479	46,958	54,170	39,344	39,327	2.3	1.0	1.1	0.8	0.8
Net employment change (2)	-672,686	194,538	18,720	116,150	23,890	-13.7	4.1	0.4	2.3	0.4
Construction
Gross job gains	22,096	24,939	25,637	26,644	25,427	10.0	11.6	11.9	12.0	11.3
At expanding establishments	17,103	18,665	20,419	21,615	20,943	7.7	8.7	9.5	9.7	9.3
At opening establishments	4,993	6,274	5,218	5,029	4,484	2.3	2.9	2.4	2.3	2.0
Gross job losses	35,820	25,021	22,478	22,082	24,536	16.2	11.7	10.4	9.9	11.0
At contracting establishments	29,898	20,654	17,883	18,020	20,564	13.5	9.7	8.3	8.1	9.2
At closing establishments	5,922	4,367	4,595	4,062	3,972	2.7	2.0	2.1	1.8	1.8
Net employment change (2)	-13,724	-82	3,159	4,562	891	-6.2	-0.1	1.5	2.1	0.3
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	12,204	22,650	19,398	17,911	17,397	2.1	4.1	3.5	3.2	3.1
At expanding establishments	10,432	19,828	17,190	16,243	15,184	1.8	3.6	3.1	2.9	2.7
At opening establishments	1,772	2,822	2,208	1,668	2,213	0.3	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.4
Gross job losses	45,562	20,240	15,912	15,748	19,556	8.1	3.7	2.9	2.8	3.5
At contracting establishments	42,183	17,762	13,875	13,844	17,398	7.5	3.2	2.5	2.5	3.1
At closing establishments	3,379	2,478	2,037	1,904	2,158	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.4
Net employment change (2)	-33,358	2,410	3,486	2,163	-2,159	-6.0	0.4	0.6	0.4	-0.4
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	8,670	15,336	11,914	11,733	11,186	3.0	5.6	4.2	4.2	3.9
At expanding establishments	6,632	12,941	9,868	10,013	9,666	2.3	4.7	3.5	3.6	3.4
At opening establishments	2,038	2,395	2,046	1,720	1,520	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.5
Gross job losses	29,652	11,661	10,555	10,044	10,665	10.4	4.2	3.7	3.6	3.8
At contracting establishments	26,672	9,721	8,193	8,136	9,021	9.4	3.5	2.9	2.9	3.2
At closing establishments	2,980	1,940	2,362	1,908	1,644	1.0	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.6
Net employment change (2)	-20,982	3,675	1,359	1,689	521	-7.4	1.4	0.5	0.6	0.1
Retail trade
Gross job gains	35,107	62,977	34,176	32,070	33,580	6.2	11.4	6.0	5.6	5.8
At expanding establishments	32,237	57,384	30,751	28,100	29,992	5.7	10.4	5.4	4.9	5.2
At opening establishments	2,870	5,593	3,425	3,970	3,588	0.5	1.0	0.6	0.7	0.6
Gross job losses	106,043	30,693	28,868	28,783	34,306	18.9	5.5	5.1	5.0	5.9
At contracting establishments	97,254	27,156	24,709	25,689	31,530	17.3	4.9	4.4	4.5	5.4
At closing establishments	8,789	3,537	4,159	3,094	2,776	1.6	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.5
Net employment change (2)	-70,936	32,284	5,308	3,287	-726	-12.7	5.9	0.9	0.6	-0.1
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	19,882	22,501	23,099	17,690	12,929	7.2	8.1	8.1	6.2	4.5
At expanding establishments	17,478	17,820	19,976	15,509	10,025	6.3	6.4	7.0	5.4	3.5
At opening establishments	2,404	4,681	3,123	2,181	2,904	0.9	1.7	1.1	0.8	1.0
Gross job losses	31,306	14,373	18,051	18,940	15,313	11.2	5.2	6.3	6.6	5.4
At contracting establishments	28,163	12,668	15,936	17,028	13,225	10.1	4.6	5.6	5.9	4.7
At closing establishments	3,143	1,705	2,115	1,912	2,088	1.1	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7
Net employment change (2)	-11,424	8,128	5,048	-1,250	-2,384	-4.0	2.9	1.8	-0.4	-0.9
Information
Gross job gains	3,344	6,033	4,938	6,124	5,764	3.7	7.1	5.7	7.1	6.5
At expanding establishments	2,423	4,177	3,811	4,752	4,151	2.7	4.9	4.4	5.5	4.7
At opening establishments	921	1,856	1,127	1,372	1,613	1.0	2.2	1.3	1.6	1.8
Gross job losses	12,349	5,184	6,289	3,785	4,712	13.8	6.0	7.3	4.4	5.4
At contracting establishments	9,993	4,032	4,839	3,004	3,872	11.2	4.7	5.6	3.5	4.4
At closing establishments	2,356	1,152	1,450	781	840	2.6	1.3	1.7	0.9	1.0
Net employment change (2)	-9,005	849	-1,351	2,339	1,052	-10.1	1.1	-1.6	2.7	1.1
Financial activities
Gross job gains	13,936	18,730	15,586	14,290	15,211	3.7	5.0	4.2	3.8	4.0
At expanding establishments	11,035	14,698	11,631	10,995	12,401	2.9	3.9	3.1	2.9	3.3
At opening establishments	2,901	4,032	3,955	3,295	2,810	0.8	1.1	1.1	0.9	0.7
Gross job losses	28,612	14,515	15,359	12,844	16,858	7.6	3.9	4.1	3.4	4.5
At contracting establishments	24,170	10,801	12,027	9,388	13,008	6.4	2.9	3.2	2.5	3.5
At closing establishments	4,442	3,714	3,332	3,456	3,850	1.2	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0
Net employment change (2)	-14,676	4,215	227	1,446	-1,647	-3.9	1.1	0.1	0.4	-0.5
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	48,747	76,287	89,967	63,610	61,102	5.5	8.8	10.1	6.9	6.7
At expanding establishments	35,558	59,856	75,037	52,454	48,188	4.0	6.9	8.4	5.7	5.3
At opening establishments	13,189	16,431	14,930	11,156	12,914	1.5	1.9	1.7	1.2	1.4
Gross job losses	141,948	61,660	52,333	52,226	67,336	15.8	7.1	5.9	5.7	7.4
At contracting establishments	125,588	48,413	39,829	42,216	57,363	14.0	5.6	4.5	4.6	6.3
At closing establishments	16,360	13,247	12,504	10,010	9,973	1.8	1.5	1.4	1.1	1.1
Net employment change (2)	-93,201	14,627	37,634	11,384	-6,234	-10.3	1.7	4.2	1.2	-0.7
Education and health services
Gross job gains	24,125	54,533	38,539	42,430	35,249	2.7	6.3	4.4	4.8	3.9
At expanding establishments	16,328	46,198	32,512	38,034	30,566	1.8	5.3	3.7	4.3	3.4
At opening establishments	7,797	8,335	6,027	4,396	4,683	0.9	1.0	0.7	0.5	0.5
Gross job losses	101,574	33,724	29,851	31,941	37,032	11.4	3.9	3.4	3.6	4.2
At contracting establishments	89,075	28,446	24,941	27,630	32,052	10.0	3.3	2.8	3.1	3.6
At closing establishments	12,499	5,278	4,910	4,311	4,980	1.4	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.6
Net employment change (2)	-77,449	20,809	8,688	10,489	-1,783	-8.7	2.4	1.0	1.2	-0.3
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	20,737	129,326	32,329	101,244	63,159	4.2	30.8	7.5	23.2	12.9
At expanding establishments	13,017	103,454	25,295	85,886	52,377	2.6	24.6	5.9	19.7	10.7
At opening establishments	7,720	25,872	7,034	15,358	10,782	1.6	6.2	1.6	3.5	2.2
Gross job losses	315,122	30,950	76,787	25,407	29,488	63.7	7.3	17.7	5.8	6.0
At contracting establishments	269,054	24,508	63,698	20,525	25,534	54.4	5.8	14.7	4.7	5.2
At closing establishments	46,068	6,442	13,089	4,882	3,954	9.3	1.5	3.0	1.1	0.8
Net employment change (2)	-294,385	98,376	-44,458	75,837	33,671	-59.5	23.5	-10.2	17.4	6.9
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	8,777	20,630	11,821	14,721	13,670	4.9	12.1	6.7	8.3	7.7
At expanding establishments	5,358	14,335	8,762	11,493	10,700	3.0	8.4	5.0	6.5	6.0
At opening establishments	3,419	6,295	3,059	3,228	2,970	1.9	3.7	1.7	1.8	1.7
Gross job losses	40,371	10,331	13,106	10,343	11,183	22.3	6.0	7.5	5.9	6.3
At contracting establishments	32,609	8,100	10,120	8,099	8,700	18.0	4.7	5.8	4.6	4.9
At closing establishments	7,762	2,231	2,986	2,244	2,483	4.3	1.3	1.7	1.3	1.4
Net employment change (2)	-31,594	10,299	-1,285	4,378	2,487	-17.4	6.1	-0.8	2.4	1.4
Footnotes: (1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information. (3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2020	Sept. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	June 2021	June 2020	Sept. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	June 2021
United States(1)	4.8	9.5	7.4	6.8	6.7	17.0	6.0	5.7	5.4	5.9
Alabama	4.7	7.8	7.6	5.9	6.2	12.6	5.9	5.5	5.9	6.0
Alaska	6.6	12.2	13.4	11.0	9.5	24.3	9.8	7.7	9.4	9.2
Arizona	5.8	7.8	7.3	6.3	6.8	11.8	6.1	5.0	5.5	6.0
Arkansas	4.8	7.6	7.2	5.9	5.5	12.1	5.7	5.2	5.1	5.6
California	5.3	8.9	8.5	7.7	7.8	18.6	7.1	6.1	5.9	6.4
Colorado	5.7	10.1	7.5	8.6	7.8	15.1	6.4	7.2	5.6	6.4
Connecticut	4.3	11.4	6.6	6.3	6.6	19.5	5.1	5.9	5.3	5.9
Delaware	4.9	10.3	6.8	6.8	6.4	17.0	6.4	6.0	6.0	6.4
District of Columbia	3.3	8.2	5.3	5.5	7.0	22.3	5.7	5.5	5.3	5.4
Florida	6.0	9.5	8.0	6.9	7.8	14.1	6.7	6.0	5.8	6.2
Georgia	5.3	9.3	7.9	6.7	6.9	14.9	6.5	5.2	5.7	6.2
Hawaii	3.6	7.5	14.7	8.5	10.7	30.3	12.2	4.6	5.9	5.6
Idaho	6.3	8.4	8.7	8.1	7.2	11.2	6.4	6.1	5.7	7.2
Illinois	4.5	9.7	6.5	7.2	6.0	18.2	5.6	6.1	4.9	5.6
Indiana	4.6	8.3	6.8	6.0	5.7	13.5	5.2	5.0	5.1	6.0
Iowa	4.4	7.5	6.8	6.1	6.0	13.0	5.5	5.1	5.4	6.0
Kansas	5.0	7.9	7.0	6.2	6.2	13.3	5.9	5.9	5.5	6.1
Kentucky	4.6	9.0	7.3	7.3	6.4	15.2	5.1	6.1	5.1	6.5
Louisiana	4.4	9.1	8.7	6.4	6.8	16.8	7.0	5.6	5.9	6.2
Maine	5.2	12.3	8.5	9.0	7.7	21.9	6.0	6.3	6.3	7.8
Maryland	4.8	11.2	7.3	6.3	6.6	21.5	5.5	5.8	5.5	6.6
Massachusetts	3.7	12.4	7.0	6.6	6.9	24.2	5.4	5.5	5.0	5.7
Michigan	4.0	10.9	6.7	8.5	6.2	20.5	4.8	6.9	4.9	5.6
Minnesota	4.2	9.0	6.9	9.2	6.1	17.6	5.4	6.8	4.9	5.5
Mississippi	5.0	8.7	8.0	5.6	6.4	12.9	5.5	4.9	6.6	6.5
Missouri	4.6	8.5	7.1	6.3	6.0	14.4	5.7	5.2	5.3	6.3
Montana	6.8	9.9	9.4	8.8	8.3	13.9	7.2	6.8	6.9	8.1
Nebraska	4.8	8.2	6.8	6.5	6.2	12.2	5.8	5.5	6.2	6.0
Nevada	5.3	12.9	8.8	7.3	9.5	29.5	6.4	5.7	5.5	5.7
New Hampshire	4.5	11.8	7.4	7.4	7.0	18.8	5.3	6.4	5.4	6.4
New Jersey	4.8	15.7	8.1	7.0	7.2	28.3	5.6	5.9	5.6	5.7
New Mexico	4.5	8.5	7.3	8.5	7.1	17.7	6.1	7.5	5.7	6.6
New York	3.9	13.3	7.4	6.9	7.1	26.9	5.9	6.3	5.4	5.7
North Carolina	4.9	8.7	7.9	6.6	6.4	14.6	5.6	5.0	5.4	5.8
North Dakota	5.3	8.9	7.2	7.8	6.9	17.1	6.9	7.1	6.5	6.5
Ohio	4.5	7.8	6.6	6.1	5.9	14.4	5.3	5.2	5.0	5.8
Oklahoma	5.5	7.1	7.9	6.1	6.5	12.3	6.6	5.8	6.1	6.0
Oregon	5.0	9.0	7.4	8.5	6.6	18.2	6.3	6.5	5.6	6.6
Pennsylvania	3.6	10.3	6.2	6.4	5.6	18.3	4.9	5.3	4.6	5.3
Rhode Island	4.5	13.0	7.6	9.8	7.0	25.1	5.3	7.1	5.5	6.4
South Carolina	5.0	8.8	8.0	6.2	6.3	14.6	5.9	5.2	6.1	6.5
South Dakota	5.1	8.6	7.2	7.3	6.8	11.5	5.5	6.2	6.0	5.8
Tennessee	4.4	8.1	7.5	5.6	5.9	13.9	5.5	4.6	5.0	5.8
Texas	4.7	7.3	7.6	5.7	6.7	13.8	6.1	4.8	5.0	5.4
Utah	6.6	9.1	8.1	7.1	6.9	10.9	6.3	5.6	6.1	6.0
Vermont	4.6	12.9	7.6	8.2	8.4	18.4	5.8	8.0	6.1	6.8
Virginia	4.6	10.4	7.0	6.0	6.2	18.3	5.4	5.3	5.4	6.0
Washington	4.8	8.9	7.2	7.9	6.7	17.4	6.3	6.1	5.4	5.8
West Virginia	5.1	8.9	7.4	7.2	6.5	14.1	6.9	6.2	5.8	6.4
Wisconsin	4.3	7.6	6.3	5.8	5.8	14.4	5.1	5.1	4.7	5.4
Wyoming	6.4	10.8	10.0	9.1	8.8	17.9	7.7	7.7	8.3	8.5
Puerto Rico	4.1	11.1	6.6	6.6	7.7	16.9	5.1	4.9	5.0	5.0
Virgin Islands	5.3	7.8	9.9	7.4	10.6	18.8	12.5	5.8	10.8	6.2
Footnotes (1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.