Prices in the Chicago-Naperville-Elgin area, as measured by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), declined 0.8 percent in December, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. (See table A.) Regional Commissioner Jason Palmer noted that the energy index fell 11.0 percent, and the food index fell 0.9 percent in December. The all items less food and energy index was up 0.2 percent. Within the all items less food and energy category, prices were higher over the month for shelter and household furnishings and operations, but lower for apparel. (Data in this report are not seasonally adjusted. Accordingly, month-to-month changes may reflect seasonal influences.)

Over the last 12 months, the CPI-U advanced 5.5 percent. (See chart 1 and table A.) The index for all items less food and energy increased 5.3 percent over the year. Food prices advanced 7.7 percent. Energy prices rose 2.5 percent, largely the result of an increase in the price of utility (piped) gas service. (See table 1.)

  

View Chart Data

Chart 1. Over-the-year percent change in CPI-U, Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI, December 2019–December 2022

Month	All items	All items less food and energy
Dec 2019	2.2	2.1
Jan 2020	2.6	2.3
Feb 2020	2.0	1.9
Mar 2020	1.1	1.6
Apr 2020	0.3	1.4
May 2020	0.4	1.2
Jun 2020	1.1	1.8
Jul 2020	1.0	1.7
Aug 2020	1.0	1.6
Sep 2020	1.4	1.6
Oct 2020	1.0	1.0
Nov 2020	0.8	0.8
Dec 2020	0.9	0.6
Jan 2021	0.7	0.2
Feb 2021	1.2	0.5
Mar 2021	2.6	1.2
Apr 2021	4.6	2.9
May 2021	4.7	3.1
Jun 2021	4.7	2.9
Jul 2021	4.9	3.1
Aug 2021	4.8	2.6
Sep 2021	4.5	2.3
Oct 2021	5.3	3.1
Nov 2021	6.0	3.5
Dec 2021	6.6	4.4
Jan 2022	6.8	4.8
Feb 2022	7.1	5.2
Mar 2022	7.8	5.3
Apr 2022	7.2	4.8
May 2022	8.0	4.7
Jun 2022	8.9	5.0
Jul 2022	8.4	5.0
Aug 2022	8.3	6.0
Sep 2022	8.2	6.4
Oct 2022	7.7	6.1
Nov 2022	6.8	5.7
Dec 2022	5.5	5.3

Food prices declined 0.9 percent for the month of December. Prices for food at home (groceries) declined 1.4 percent, and prices for food away from home (restaurant, cafeteria, and vending purchases) were unchanged for the same period.

Over the year, food prices advanced 7.7 percent. Prices for food at home rose 8.3 percent over the year. All six major grocery store food group indexes increased over the year. The index for dairy and related products increased 15.9 percent, other food at home (includes sugar, sweets, fats, and oils, for example) rose 10.7 percent, and cereal and bakery products advanced 10.6 percent. Prices for food away from home increased 6.7 percent.

The energy index decreased 11.0 percent over the month. The decrease was mainly due to lower prices for gasoline (-17.9 percent). Prices for electricity advanced 11.6 percent, while prices for utility (piped) gas service fell 14.8 percent for the same period.

Energy prices advanced 2.5 percent over the year, largely due to higher prices for utility (piped) gas service (8.6 percent). Prices paid for electricity rose 1.3 percent, while prices for gasoline decreased 0.5 percent during the past year.

The index for all items less food and energy advanced 0.2 percent in December. Higher prices for shelter (0.8 percent) and household furnishings and operations (2.3 percent) were partially offset by lower prices for apparel (-3.5 percent).

Over the year, the index for all items less food and energy advanced 5.3 percent. Components contributing to the increase included shelter (6.5 percent), recreation (7.8 percent), and household furnishings and operations (7.0 percent). Partly offsetting the increases was a decrease in the used cars and trucks index (-8.6 percent).

The January 2023 Consumer Price Index for the Chicago-Naperville-Elgin area is scheduled to be released on Tuesday, February 14, 2023, at 7:30 a.m. (CT).

The Consumer Price Index for Chicago is published monthly. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in prices over time in a fixed market basket of goods and services. The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes CPIs for two population groups: (1) a CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) which covers approximately 93 percent of the total population and (2) a CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) which covers 29 percent of the total population. The CPI-U includes, in addition to wage earners and clerical workers, groups such as professional, managerial, and technical workers, the self-employed, short-term workers, the unemployed, and retirees and others not in the labor force.

The CPI is based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, and fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors' and dentists' services, drugs, and the other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. Each month, prices are collected in 87 urban areas across the country from about 4,000 housing units and approximately 26,000 retail establishments--department stores, supermarkets, hospitals, filling stations, and other types of stores and service establishments. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index.

The index measures price changes from a designated reference date (1982-84) that equals 100.0. An increase of 16.5 percent, for example, is shown as 116.5. This change can also be expressed in dollars as follows: the price of a base period "market basket" of goods and services in the CPI has risen from $10 in 1982-84 to $11.65. For further details see the CPI home page on the Internet at www.bls.gov/cpi and the BLS Handbook of Methods, Chapter 17, The Consumer Price Index, available on the Internet at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch17_a.htm.

In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are averaged together with weights that represent their importance in the spending of the appropriate population group. Local data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. Because the sample size of a local area is smaller, the local area index is subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error than the national index. In addition, local indexes are not adjusted for seasonal influences. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are quite similar. Note: Area indexes do not measure differences in the level of prices between cities; they only measure the average change in prices for each area since the base period.

The Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, Ill.-Ind.-Wis. consolidated area covered in this release is comprised of Cook, DeKalb, DuPage, Grundy, Kane, Kankakee, Kendall, Lake, McHenry, and Will Counties in Illinois; Lake and Porter Counties in Indiana; and Kenosha County in Wisconsin.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.