From March 2022 to June 2022, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments were 173,472, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments in Colorado were 157,258, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Assistant Commissioner for Regional Operations Michael Hirniak noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 16,214 jobs in the private sector during the second quarter of 2022. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 28,416. (See chart 1.)

 

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the second quarter of 2022, gross job gains represented 7.3 percent of private-sector employment in Colorado; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 6.4 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Colorado, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 137,227 in the second quarter of 2022, a decrease of 1,145 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 36,245 jobs gained in the second quarter of 2022, a decrease of 1,787 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the second quarter of 2022, gross job losses represented 6.7 percent of private-sector employment both in Colorado and nationally. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Colorado, contracting establishments lost 125,152 jobs in the second quarter of 2022, an increase of 8,439 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 32,106 jobs, an increase of 831 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 7 of the 11 industry sectors in Colorado in the second quarter of 2022. Leisure and hospitality had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 8,515 jobs. This was the result of 36,217 gross job gains and 27,702 gross job losses. The professional and business services industry had the second largest net gain of 6,226 jobs. Retail trade showed a net loss of 2,585 jobs, the largest loss of any sector in the state. Colorado’s transportation and warehousing industry sector had a net loss of 1,468 jobs.

For More Information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2022 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 26, 2023.

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter and either not reported, or reported with zero employment, in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Colorado, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2021	Sept. 2021	Dec. 2021	Mar. 2022	June 2022	June 2021	Sept. 2021	Dec. 2021	Mar. 2022	June 2022
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	175,362	184,293	176,521	176,404	173,472	7.8	8.0	7.6	7.5	7.3
At expanding establishments	141,335	149,214	140,920	138,372	137,227	6.3	6.5	6.1	5.9	5.8
At opening establishments	34,027	35,079	35,601	38,032	36,245	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.5
Gross job losses	144,398	159,236	140,744	147,988	157,258	6.4	7.0	6.1	6.3	6.7
At contracting establishments	114,491	125,177	110,736	116,713	125,152	5.1	5.5	4.8	5.0	5.3
At closing establishments	29,907	34,059	30,008	31,275	32,106	1.3	1.5	1.3	1.3	1.4
Net employment change (2)	30,964	25,057	35,777	28,416	16,214	1.4	1.0	1.5	1.2	0.6
Construction
Gross job gains	13,121	14,305	16,332	14,944	14,312	7.4	8.2	9.2	8.2	7.8
At expanding establishments	10,471	11,505	12,785	11,648	11,609	5.9	6.6	7.2	6.4	6.3
At opening establishments	2,650	2,800	3,547	3,296	2,703	1.5	1.6	2.0	1.8	1.5
Gross job losses	14,589	14,326	12,357	13,670	12,651	8.2	8.2	6.9	7.4	6.9
At contracting establishments	11,520	10,937	9,475	10,707	10,091	6.5	6.3	5.3	5.8	5.5
At closing establishments	3,069	3,389	2,882	2,963	2,560	1.7	1.9	1.6	1.6	1.4
Net employment change (2)	-1,468	-21	3,975	1,274	1,661	-0.8	0.0	2.3	0.8	0.9
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	6,207	6,138	6,866	6,115	6,122	4.2	4.1	4.6	4.1	4.0
At expanding establishments	5,367	5,476	6,110	5,423	5,476	3.6	3.7	4.1	3.6	3.6
At opening establishments	840	662	756	692	646	0.6	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4
Gross job losses	5,920	6,055	4,661	5,161	5,752	4.0	4.0	3.1	3.4	3.8
At contracting establishments	4,877	5,117	4,073	4,246	4,907	3.3	3.4	2.7	2.8	3.2
At closing establishments	1,043	938	588	915	845	0.7	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.6
Net employment change (2)	287	83	2,205	954	370	0.2	0.1	1.5	0.7	0.2
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	5,906	6,385	7,024	6,990	6,139	5.4	5.8	6.3	6.2	5.3
At expanding establishments	4,724	4,995	5,572	5,555	5,049	4.3	4.5	5.0	4.9	4.4
At opening establishments	1,182	1,390	1,452	1,435	1,090	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.3	0.9
Gross job losses	5,307	5,358	4,609	4,642	6,743	4.9	4.8	4.1	4.0	5.8
At contracting establishments	3,818	3,789	3,367	3,465	4,777	3.5	3.4	3.0	3.0	4.1
At closing establishments	1,489	1,569	1,242	1,177	1,966	1.4	1.4	1.1	1.0	1.7
Net employment change (2)	599	1,027	2,415	2,348	-604	0.5	1.0	2.2	2.2	-0.5
Retail trade
Gross job gains	17,390	16,341	16,778	20,044	16,118	6.3	6.0	6.2	7.3	5.9
At expanding establishments	14,842	14,138	14,525	18,075	13,708	5.4	5.2	5.4	6.6	5.0
At opening establishments	2,548	2,203	2,253	1,969	2,410	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.9
Gross job losses	17,466	22,512	15,299	12,822	18,703	6.4	8.2	5.6	4.7	6.8
At contracting establishments	15,309	19,689	13,364	11,265	16,235	5.6	7.2	4.9	4.1	5.9
At closing establishments	2,157	2,823	1,935	1,557	2,468	0.8	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.9
Net employment change (2)	-76	-6,171	1,479	7,222	-2,585	-0.1	-2.2	0.6	2.6	-0.9
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	5,264	9,646	10,285	6,208	6,207	5.9	10.5	10.5	6.1	6.2
At expanding establishments	4,214	8,818	9,217	5,385	5,448	4.7	9.6	9.4	5.3	5.4
At opening establishments	1,050	828	1,068	823	759	1.2	0.9	1.1	0.8	0.8
Gross job losses	7,356	4,549	3,759	6,574	7,675	8.1	4.9	3.8	6.5	7.6
At contracting establishments	6,888	3,709	3,067	6,009	6,957	7.6	4.0	3.1	5.9	6.9
At closing establishments	468	840	692	565	718	0.5	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.7
Net employment change (2)	-2,092	5,097	6,526	-366	-1,468	-2.2	5.6	6.7	-0.4	-1.4
Information
Gross job gains	4,211	4,644	4,423	4,707	4,688	5.6	6.1	5.7	6.1	5.9
At expanding establishments	3,480	3,686	3,407	3,857	3,961	4.6	4.8	4.4	5.0	5.0
At opening establishments	731	958	1,016	850	727	1.0	1.3	1.3	1.1	0.9
Gross job losses	3,675	3,166	3,636	3,099	4,158	4.8	4.1	4.7	4.0	5.3
At contracting establishments	2,805	2,292	2,960	2,270	3,464	3.7	3.0	3.8	2.9	4.4
At closing establishments	870	874	676	829	694	1.1	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.9
Net employment change (2)	536	1,478	787	1,608	530	0.8	2.0	1.0	2.1	0.6
Financial activities
Gross job gains	10,532	12,321	11,310	10,710	10,934	6.2	7.2	6.5	6.2	6.2
At expanding establishments	7,448	9,166	8,153	8,171	7,375	4.4	5.4	4.7	4.7	4.2
At opening establishments	3,084	3,155	3,157	2,539	3,559	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.5	2.0
Gross job losses	9,840	11,399	8,875	10,594	11,010	5.8	6.7	5.2	6.1	6.3
At contracting establishments	7,336	7,956	6,308	7,343	8,027	4.3	4.7	3.7	4.2	4.6
At closing establishments	2,504	3,443	2,567	3,251	2,983	1.5	2.0	1.5	1.9	1.7
Net employment change (2)	692	922	2,435	116	-76	0.4	0.5	1.3	0.1	-0.1
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	37,991	41,357	39,048	39,764	41,780	8.5	9.1	8.4	8.4	8.7
At expanding establishments	28,620	32,160	29,727	29,419	30,921	6.4	7.1	6.4	6.2	6.4
At opening establishments	9,371	9,197	9,321	10,345	10,859	2.1	2.0	2.0	2.2	2.3
Gross job losses	32,189	32,236	32,146	30,613	35,554	7.2	7.1	6.9	6.5	7.4
At contracting establishments	24,403	22,640	22,923	22,288	26,743	5.5	5.0	4.9	4.7	5.6
At closing establishments	7,786	9,596	9,223	8,325	8,811	1.7	2.1	2.0	1.8	1.8
Net employment change (2)	5,802	9,121	6,902	9,151	6,226	1.3	2.0	1.5	1.9	1.3
Education and health services
Gross job gains	17,579	16,991	18,731	18,138	18,447	5.1	5.0	5.5	5.2	5.4
At expanding establishments	14,033	13,494	14,556	14,215	14,436	4.1	4.0	4.3	4.1	4.2
At opening establishments	3,546	3,497	4,175	3,923	4,011	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.2
Gross job losses	16,722	17,249	18,473	16,094	16,998	4.9	5.0	5.4	4.7	4.9
At contracting establishments	12,851	14,097	15,020	12,523	13,431	3.8	4.1	4.4	3.7	3.9
At closing establishments	3,871	3,152	3,453	3,571	3,567	1.1	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.0
Net employment change (2)	857	-258	258	2,044	1,449	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.5	0.5
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	45,904	43,723	34,674	36,448	36,217	15.4	13.7	10.7	11.1	10.7
At expanding establishments	39,743	37,038	28,191	28,586	30,731	13.3	11.6	8.7	8.7	9.1
At opening establishments	6,161	6,685	6,483	7,862	5,486	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.4	1.6
Gross job losses	21,389	32,499	28,078	33,306	27,702	7.1	10.2	8.6	10.1	8.2
At contracting establishments	17,416	27,667	23,441	27,490	22,928	5.8	8.7	7.2	8.3	6.8
At closing establishments	3,973	4,832	4,637	5,816	4,774	1.3	1.5	1.4	1.8	1.4
Net employment change (2)	24,515	11,224	6,596	3,142	8,515	8.3	3.5	2.1	1.0	2.5
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	6,847	7,359	6,702	6,849	7,327	9.2	9.7	8.7	8.7	9.2
At expanding establishments	5,237	5,769	4,944	5,139	5,273	7.0	7.6	6.4	6.5	6.6
At opening establishments	1,610	1,590	1,758	1,710	2,054	2.2	2.1	2.3	2.2	2.6
Gross job losses	5,452	5,643	5,555	6,573	5,892	7.3	7.4	7.2	8.4	7.4
At contracting establishments	3,751	3,956	4,115	4,953	4,228	5.0	5.2	5.3	6.3	5.3
At closing establishments	1,701	1,687	1,440	1,620	1,664	2.3	2.2	1.9	2.1	2.1
Net employment change (2)	1,395	1,716	1,147	276	1,435	1.9	2.3	1.5	0.3	1.8
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information. (3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2021	Sept. 2021	Dec. 2021	Mar. 2022	June 2022	June 2021	Sept. 2021	Dec. 2021	Mar. 2022	June 2022
United States(1)	6.8	7.3	7.7	6.6	6.4	5.9	6.1	5.4	5.4	6.7
Alabama	6.3	6.7	7.6	6.2	6.6	6.0	6.3	5.2	6.0	7.0
Alaska	9.5	10.5	11.8	10.1	10.1	9.3	9.7	8.7	9.3	9.6
Arizona	6.8	7.1	6.8	6.8	6.7	5.9	5.1	5.0	5.7	7.3
Arkansas	5.8	6.8	7.8	5.9	5.6	5.7	6.7	4.8	5.4	6.0
California	7.8	7.8	8.5	7.4	6.6	6.5	6.1	5.5	5.6	7.2
Colorado	7.8	8.0	7.6	7.5	7.3	6.4	7.0	6.1	6.3	6.7
Connecticut	6.7	6.9	6.9	6.3	6.3	5.8	6.0	5.3	5.3	6.5
Delaware	6.8	7.6	8.2	7.3	6.5	6.5	7.2	6.0	5.6	8.2
District of Columbia	7.1	7.9	7.3	6.0	6.0	5.4	4.9	4.9	4.9	6.8
Florida	7.8	9.0	7.7	6.5	7.5	6.3	6.0	6.0	5.7	6.9
Georgia	7.0	7.5	7.9	6.8	6.6	6.2	6.2	5.5	5.7	6.7
Hawaii	10.7	7.3	7.1	6.1	5.9	5.5	6.3	5.1	5.1	5.9
Idaho	7.2	7.7	8.5	8.5	7.1	7.2	7.3	6.3	6.2	9.1
Illinois	6.2	6.6	7.5	6.2	5.9	5.5	6.0	4.9	5.0	5.9
Indiana	5.7	6.3	7.3	6.0	5.6	6.0	5.7	4.7	4.8	6.8
Iowa	6.0	6.2	6.6	6.5	5.8	6.0	6.1	5.4	5.3	6.7
Kansas	6.2	6.6	7.6	6.2	6.5	6.2	6.5	5.3	5.4	7.5
Kentucky	6.5	6.7	7.4	6.6	6.3	6.4	6.4	4.9	5.0	8.7
Louisiana	6.9	6.9	9.6	6.5	6.6	6.1	8.5	5.8	7.1	7.3
Maine	7.5	7.8	8.2	8.0	17.7	7.7	7.8	6.9	6.1	8.1
Maryland	6.6	7.5	7.3	6.6	6.7	6.5	6.4	5.3	5.9	8.1
Massachusetts	6.9	7.2	7.0	6.6	6.1	5.7	5.8	5.7	5.1	5.4
Michigan	6.3	6.5	7.5	6.3	6.0	5.6	5.9	5.2	5.1	6.5
Minnesota	6.1	6.4	7.3	6.0	6.6	5.6	6.7	5.2	5.4	7.1
Mississippi	6.5	7.6	7.9	6.1	6.5	6.6	6.1	5.7	6.0	7.0
Missouri	6.1	6.7	7.4	6.5	6.3	6.1	6.1	5.5	5.4	5.9
Montana	8.5	8.5	9.9	9.3	8.2	8.1	8.3	7.2	8.5	9.4
Nebraska	6.2	6.3	7.0	6.8	6.0	6.0	6.5	5.8	5.9	6.6
Nevada	9.4	8.9	8.3	6.8	6.9	5.7	5.7	4.8	5.2	6.7
New Hampshire	7.0	7.0	7.6	7.7	6.6	6.3	6.8	6.4	5.4	7.9
New Jersey	7.1	7.5	8.7	7.1	6.5	5.7	6.1	5.4	5.5	6.3
New Mexico	7.4	8.2	8.2	7.4	6.5	6.6	6.5	6.3	6.2	7.1
New York	7.1	7.5	7.7	6.7	7.1	5.7	5.9	5.4	5.2	6.6
North Carolina	6.4	6.8	8.1	6.5	6.3	5.8	6.4	5.0	5.3	6.2
North Dakota	6.9	7.5	7.6	7.5	6.8	6.5	6.7	6.5	6.5	6.7
Ohio	5.9	6.1	7.0	6.1	5.7	5.8	6.0	5.2	4.8	6.3
Oklahoma	6.6	7.1	7.6	6.3	6.4	6.1	6.6	5.9	5.7	6.2
Oregon	6.6	7.1	7.8	7.5	6.1	6.6	6.5	6.1	5.7	7.1
Pennsylvania	5.7	6.3	6.8	6.3	5.5	5.3	5.0	4.8	4.9	5.6
Rhode Island	7.0	7.6	8.5	7.9	7.0	6.4	7.1	6.6	5.7	7.3
South Carolina	6.3	7.3	7.9	6.9	6.4	6.4	6.0	5.3	6.2	6.9
South Dakota	6.8	6.6	7.2	7.7	6.6	5.8	6.4	5.9	6.1	6.8
Tennessee	6.1	6.9	7.3	6.6	6.3	6.0	5.4	5.6	4.7	6.4
Texas	6.8	7.1	7.7	6.3	6.5	5.6	5.5	4.8	5.4	6.1
Utah	7.0	7.4	7.5	7.8	7.0	6.1	7.0	6.0	5.9	6.8
Vermont	8.4	8.0	8.1	8.0	7.3	7.0	7.7	6.9	6.3	8.4
Virginia	6.4	6.9	7.2	6.4	6.5	6.1	6.0	5.3	5.8	7.0
Washington	6.7	7.3	7.8	7.3	7.0	5.9	5.9	5.3	5.0	7.1
West Virginia	6.6	7.1	7.9	7.3	6.3	6.6	6.5	6.0	5.9	7.9
Wisconsin	5.8	5.5	6.6	6.5	5.9	5.3	5.8	5.2	4.8	6.8
Wyoming	8.8	9.1	10.1	8.9	8.4	8.4	8.4	7.8	8.3	9.1
Puerto Rico	7.8	8.5	6.4	7.0	6.5	5.0	5.1	5.5	4.9	6.1
Virgin Islands	11.0	7.5	8.0	6.9	8.8	5.8	8.5	9.5	10.3	12.6
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.