From June 2021 to September 2021, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Utah were 98,710, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 92,372, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Michael Hirniak noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 6,338 jobs in the private sector during the third quarter of 2021. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 12,150. (See chart 1.)  

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the third quarter of 2021, gross job gains represented 7.3 percent of private-sector employment in Utah; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 7.2 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Utah, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 78,479 in the third quarter of 2021, an increase of 3,781 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 20,231 jobs gained in the third quarter of 2021, an increase of 2,205 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the third quarter of 2021, gross job losses represented 6.8 percent of private-sector employment in Utah; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 6.2 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Utah, contracting establishments lost 74,261 jobs in the third quarter of 2021, an increase of 6,900 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 18,111 jobs, an increase of 4,898 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 10 of the 11 industry sectors in Utah in the third quarter of 2021. Manufacturing had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 1,376 jobs. This was the result of 6,467 gross job gains and 5,091 gross job losses. The leisure and hospitality industry had the second largest over-the-quarter net job gain with 1,272 jobs. Transportation and warehousing showed a net loss of 381 jobs, the only loss of any sector in the state. Net employment gains in the remaining eight industry sectors ranged from 925 in information, to 159 in construction.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Fourth Quarter 2021 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, July 27, 2022.

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are either units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Utah, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and job losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	Sept 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	June 2021	Sept 2021	Sept 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	June 2021	Sept 2021
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	114,757	104,801	94,104	92,724	98,710	9.1	8.1	7.1	6.9	7.3
At expanding establishments	93,628	84,504	76,368	74,698	78,479	7.4	6.5	5.8	5.6	5.8
At opening establishments	21,129	20,297	17,736	18,026	20,231	1.7	1.6	1.3	1.3	1.5
Gross job losses	78,612	71,466	80,546	80,574	92,372	6.3	5.6	6.1	6.0	6.8
At contracting establishments	63,724	57,513	67,030	67,361	74,261	5.1	4.5	5.1	5.0	5.5
At closing establishments	14,888	13,953	13,516	13,213	18,111	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.3
Net employment change (2)	36,145	33,335	13,558	12,150	6,338	2.8	2.5	1.0	0.9	0.5
Construction
Gross job gains	9,937	13,240	11,967	9,485	10,408	8.7	11.4	9.8	7.7	8.6
At expanding establishments	7,985	10,568	9,442	7,280	7,965	7.0	9.1	7.7	5.9	6.6
At opening establishments	1,952	2,672	2,525	2,205	2,443	1.7	2.3	2.1	1.8	2.0
Gross job losses	10,929	8,408	8,224	11,248	10,249	9.7	7.2	6.7	9.1	8.6
At contracting establishments	9,047	6,631	6,664	9,364	7,982	8.0	5.7	5.4	7.6	6.7
At closing establishments	1,882	1,777	1,560	1,884	2,267	1.7	1.5	1.3	1.5	1.9
Net employment change (2)	-992	4,832	3,743	-1,763	159	-1.0	4.2	3.1	-1.4	0.0
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	6,123	6,529	6,707	5,637	6,467	4.5	4.8	4.8	4.0	4.4
At expanding establishments	5,418	5,912	6,053	5,119	5,706	4.0	4.3	4.3	3.6	3.9
At opening establishments	705	617	654	518	761	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.5
Gross job losses	4,750	3,538	3,516	4,765	5,091	3.5	2.6	2.5	3.3	3.5
At contracting establishments	4,153	2,996	3,077	4,353	4,478	3.1	2.2	2.2	3.0	3.1
At closing establishments	597	542	439	412	613	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4
Net employment change (2)	1,373	2,991	3,191	872	1,376	1.0	2.2	2.3	0.7	0.9
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	3,856	3,327	2,896	3,060	3,160	7.3	6.2	5.3	5.6	5.7
At expanding establishments	3,215	2,742	2,288	2,464	2,437	6.1	5.1	4.2	4.5	4.4
At opening establishments	641	585	608	596	723	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.3
Gross job losses	2,608	2,213	2,405	2,458	2,904	5.0	4.1	4.4	4.5	5.3
At contracting establishments	2,033	1,437	1,895	2,034	2,189	3.9	2.7	3.5	3.7	4.0
At closing establishments	575	776	510	424	715	1.1	1.4	0.9	0.8	1.3
Net employment change (2)	1,248	1,114	491	602	256	2.3	2.1	0.9	1.1	0.4
Retail trade
Gross job gains	16,344	12,122	11,448	11,324	11,979	9.6	6.9	6.4	6.2	6.5
At expanding establishments	14,174	10,343	9,808	9,675	10,168	8.3	5.9	5.5	5.3	5.5
At opening establishments	2,170	1,779	1,640	1,649	1,811	1.3	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0
Gross job losses	9,455	8,900	9,631	9,918	11,410	5.5	5.1	5.4	5.5	6.2
At contracting establishments	7,960	7,643	8,000	8,898	10,080	4.6	4.4	4.5	4.9	5.5
At closing establishments	1,495	1,257	1,631	1,020	1,330	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.6	0.7
Net employment change (2)	6,889	3,222	1,817	1,406	569	4.1	1.8	1.0	0.7	0.3
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	6,048	6,548	2,853	3,951	4,009	10.0	10.1	4.4	6.2	6.3
At expanding establishments	5,388	5,900	2,343	3,463	3,481	8.9	9.1	3.6	5.4	5.5
At opening establishments	660	648	510	488	528	1.1	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.8
Gross job losses	3,107	2,762	5,978	3,890	4,390	5.1	4.3	9.3	6.2	6.9
At contracting establishments	2,637	2,308	5,628	3,472	3,954	4.3	3.6	8.8	5.5	6.2
At closing establishments	470	454	350	418	436	0.8	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.7
Net employment change (2)	2,941	3,786	-3,125	61	-381	4.9	5.8	-4.9	0.0	-0.6
Information
Gross job gains	3,772	2,594	2,791	3,272	3,390	10.3	6.9	7.3	8.3	8.4
At expanding establishments	2,792	1,813	2,218	2,474	2,530	7.6	4.8	5.8	6.3	6.3
At opening establishments	980	781	573	798	860	2.7	2.1	1.5	2.0	2.1
Gross job losses	2,261	2,399	2,380	2,247	2,465	6.2	6.4	6.2	5.7	6.1
At contracting establishments	1,789	1,920	1,889	1,803	1,823	4.9	5.1	4.9	4.6	4.5
At closing establishments	472	479	491	444	642	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.6
Net employment change (2)	1,511	195	411	1,025	925	4.1	0.5	1.1	2.6	2.3
Financial activities
Gross job gains	6,285	6,206	5,383	6,744	5,862	6.7	6.6	5.7	7.0	6.0
At expanding establishments	4,578	4,308	3,991	5,032	4,041	4.9	4.6	4.2	5.2	4.1
At opening establishments	1,707	1,898	1,392	1,712	1,821	1.8	2.0	1.5	1.8	1.9
Gross job losses	5,393	4,677	4,783	4,454	5,674	5.7	4.9	5.0	4.6	5.8
At contracting establishments	4,052	3,432	3,303	3,479	4,084	4.3	3.6	3.5	3.6	4.2
At closing establishments	1,341	1,245	1,480	975	1,590	1.4	1.3	1.5	1.0	1.6
Net employment change (2)	892	1,529	600	2,290	188	1.0	1.7	0.7	2.4	0.2
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	20,925	21,768	17,956	17,077	19,402	9.4	9.5	7.8	7.4	8.4
At expanding establishments	15,957	16,895	14,071	12,888	14,007	7.2	7.4	6.1	5.6	6.1
At opening establishments	4,968	4,873	3,885	4,189	5,395	2.2	2.1	1.7	1.8	2.3
Gross job losses	16,245	14,887	15,443	16,008	18,859	7.3	6.6	6.7	6.9	8.2
At contracting establishments	12,833	11,524	12,069	12,531	14,012	5.8	5.1	5.2	5.4	6.1
At closing establishments	3,412	3,363	3,374	3,477	4,847	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	2.1
Net employment change (2)	4,680	6,881	2,513	1,069	543	2.1	2.9	1.1	0.5	0.2
Education and health services
Gross job gains	12,277	12,054	10,506	9,627	10,963	6.4	6.2	5.3	4.8	5.5
At expanding establishments	10,374	9,520	8,556	7,646	9,133	5.4	4.9	4.3	3.8	4.6
At opening establishments	1,903	2,534	1,950	1,981	1,830	1.0	1.3	1.0	1.0	0.9
Gross job losses	8,068	7,390	13,237	11,185	10,391	4.2	3.8	6.8	5.6	5.2
At contracting establishments	6,474	5,820	11,752	9,663	7,941	3.4	3.0	6.0	4.8	4.0
At closing establishments	1,594	1,570	1,485	1,522	2,450	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	1.2
Net employment change (2)	4,209	4,664	-2,731	-1,558	572	2.2	2.4	-1.5	-0.8	0.3
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	23,720	15,611	17,123	17,902	18,073	18.3	11.5	12.2	12.2	11.9
At expanding establishments	19,567	12,878	14,171	14,925	15,154	15.1	9.5	10.1	10.2	10.0
At opening establishments	4,153	2,733	2,952	2,977	2,919	3.2	2.0	2.1	2.0	1.9
Gross job losses	11,649	12,692	10,806	10,813	16,801	8.9	9.4	7.7	7.4	11.1
At contracting establishments	9,525	10,842	9,373	8,914	14,626	7.3	8.0	6.7	6.1	9.7
At closing establishments	2,124	1,850	1,433	1,899	2,175	1.6	1.4	1.0	1.3	1.4
Net employment change (2)	12,071	2,919	6,317	7,089	1,272	9.4	2.1	4.5	4.8	0.8
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	3,736	3,135	2,947	3,219	3,190	11.1	9.1	8.4	8.9	8.7
At expanding establishments	2,693	2,237	2,289	2,558	2,338	8.0	6.5	6.5	7.1	6.4
At opening establishments	1,043	898	658	661	852	3.1	2.6	1.9	1.8	2.3
Gross job losses	2,452	2,408	2,423	2,388	2,919	7.2	7.0	6.9	6.6	8.0
At contracting establishments	1,765	1,931	1,873	1,798	2,100	5.2	5.6	5.3	5.0	5.8
At closing establishments	687	477	550	590	819	2.0	1.4	1.6	1.6	2.2
Net employment change (2)	1,284	727	524	831	271	3.9	2.1	1.5	2.3	0.7
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information. (3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	Sept. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	June 2021	Sept. 2021	Sept. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	June 2021	Sept. 2021
United States(1)	9.5	7.4	6.8	6.7	7.2	6.0	5.7	5.4	5.9	6.2
Alabama	7.8	7.6	5.9	6.2	6.6	5.9	5.5	5.9	6.0	6.7
Alaska	12.2	13.4	11.0	9.5	10.4	9.8	7.7	9.4	9.2	9.5
Arizona	7.8	7.3	6.3	6.8	6.9	6.1	5.0	5.5	6.0	6.0
Arkansas	7.6	7.2	5.9	5.5	6.6	5.7	5.2	5.1	5.6	5.9
California	8.9	8.5	7.7	7.8	7.8	7.1	6.1	5.9	6.4	6.3
Colorado	10.1	7.5	8.6	7.8	8.1	6.4	7.2	5.6	6.4	7.0
Connecticut	11.4	6.6	6.3	6.6	6.8	5.1	5.9	5.3	5.9	6.0
Delaware	10.3	6.8	6.8	6.4	7.2	6.4	6.0	6.0	6.4	7.0
District of Columbia	8.2	5.3	5.5	7.0	7.9	5.7	5.5	5.3	5.4	4.8
Florida	9.5	8.0	6.9	7.8	9.2	6.7	6.0	5.8	6.2	6.0
Georgia	9.3	7.9	6.7	6.9	7.4	6.5	5.2	5.7	6.2	6.2
Hawaii	7.5	14.7	8.5	10.7	7.2	12.2	4.6	5.9	5.6	6.6
Idaho	8.4	8.7	8.1	7.2	7.7	6.4	6.1	5.7	7.2	7.3
Illinois	9.7	6.5	7.2	6.0	6.3	5.6	6.1	4.9	5.6	6.0
Indiana	8.3	6.8	6.0	5.7	6.3	5.2	5.0	5.1	6.0	5.8
Iowa	7.5	6.8	6.1	6.0	6.2	5.5	5.1	5.4	6.0	6.0
Kansas	7.9	7.0	6.2	6.2	6.6	5.9	5.9	5.5	6.1	6.6
Kentucky	9.0	7.3	7.3	6.4	6.6	5.1	6.1	5.1	6.5	6.5
Louisiana	9.1	8.7	6.4	6.8	6.9	7.0	5.6	5.9	6.2	8.6
Maine	12.3	8.5	9.0	7.7	7.8	6.0	6.3	6.3	7.8	8.0
Maryland	11.2	7.3	6.3	6.6	7.5	5.5	5.8	5.5	6.6	6.7
Massachusetts	12.4	7.0	6.6	6.9	7.2	5.4	5.5	5.0	5.7	5.9
Michigan	10.9	6.7	8.5	6.2	6.6	4.8	6.9	4.9	5.6	6.1
Minnesota	9.0	6.9	9.2	6.1	6.4	5.4	6.8	4.9	5.5	6.8
Mississippi	8.7	8.0	5.6	6.4	7.5	5.5	4.9	6.6	6.5	6.2
Missouri	8.5	7.1	6.3	6.0	6.7	5.7	5.2	5.3	6.3	6.1
Montana	9.9	9.4	8.8	8.3	8.4	7.2	6.8	6.9	8.1	8.3
Nebraska	8.2	6.8	6.5	6.2	6.2	5.8	5.5	6.2	6.0	6.6
Nevada	12.9	8.8	7.3	9.5	8.9	6.4	5.7	5.5	5.7	5.8
New Hampshire	11.8	7.4	7.4	7.0	7.0	5.3	6.4	5.4	6.4	6.8
New Jersey	15.7	8.1	7.0	7.2	7.4	5.6	5.9	5.6	5.7	6.1
New Mexico	8.5	7.3	8.5	7.1	7.9	6.1	7.5	5.7	6.6	6.3
New York	13.3	7.4	6.9	7.1	7.5	5.9	6.3	5.4	5.7	6.0
North Carolina	8.7	7.9	6.6	6.4	6.8	5.6	5.0	5.4	5.8	6.4
North Dakota	8.9	7.2	7.8	6.9	7.5	6.9	7.1	6.5	6.5	6.7
Ohio	7.8	6.6	6.1	5.9	6.1	5.3	5.2	5.0	5.8	6.0
Oklahoma	7.1	7.9	6.1	6.5	7.1	6.6	5.8	6.1	6.0	7.0
Oregon	9.0	7.4	8.5	6.6	7.0	6.3	6.5	5.6	6.6	6.5
Pennsylvania	10.3	6.2	6.4	5.6	6.2	4.9	5.3	4.6	5.3	5.3
Rhode Island	13.0	7.6	9.8	7.0	7.6	5.3	7.1	5.5	6.4	6.6
South Carolina	8.8	8.0	6.2	6.3	7.2	5.9	5.2	6.1	6.5	6.6
South Dakota	8.6	7.2	7.3	6.8	6.6	5.5	6.2	6.0	5.8	6.5
Tennessee	8.1	7.5	5.6	5.9	6.8	5.5	4.6	5.0	5.8	5.5
Texas	7.3	7.6	5.7	6.7	7.1	6.1	4.8	5.0	5.4	5.4
Utah	9.1	8.1	7.1	6.9	7.3	6.3	5.6	6.1	6.0	6.8
Vermont	12.9	7.6	8.2	8.4	7.9	5.8	8.0	6.1	6.8	7.5
Virginia	10.4	7.0	6.0	6.2	6.8	5.4	5.3	5.4	6.0	6.1
Washington	8.9	7.2	7.9	6.7	7.2	6.3	6.1	5.4	5.8	5.7
West Virginia	8.9	7.4	7.2	6.5	6.7	6.9	6.2	5.8	6.4	6.5
Wisconsin	7.6	6.3	5.8	5.8	5.5	5.1	5.1	4.7	5.4	5.8
Wyoming	10.8	10.0	9.1	8.8	8.9	7.7	7.7	8.3	8.5	8.6
Puerto Rico	11.1	6.6	6.6	7.7	8.3	5.1	4.9	5.0	5.0	5.1
Virgin Islands	7.8	9.9	7.4	10.6	7.4	12.5	5.8	10.8	6.2	8.5
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.