From December 2021 to March 2022, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Tennessee were 175,955, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 127,316, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Janet S. Rankin noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 48,639 jobs in the private sector during the first quarter of 2022. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 46,707. (See chart 1.)

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the first quarter of 2022, gross job gains represented 6.6 percent of private-sector employment both in Tennessee and nationally. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Tennessee, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 144,867 in the first quarter of 2022, a decrease of 22,412 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 31,088 jobs gained in the first quarter of 2022, an increase of 4,746 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the first quarter of 2022, gross job losses represented 4.7 percent of private-sector employment in Tennessee; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.4 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Tennessee, contracting establishments lost 110,665 jobs in the first quarter of 2022, an increase of 2,787 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 16,651 jobs, a decrease of 22,385 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in all 11 industry sectors in Tennessee in the first quarter of 2022. Retail trade had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 10,251 jobs. This was the result of 24,874 gross job gains and 14,623 gross job losses. The professional and business services industry had a net gain of 10,074 jobs.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Second Quarter 2022 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, January 25, 2023.

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter and either not reported, or reported with zero employment, in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Tennessee, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	Mar. 2021	June 2021	Sept. 2021	Dec. 2021	Mar. 2022	Mar. 2021	June 2021	Sept. 2021	Dec. 2021	Mar. 2022
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	149,822	156,916	179,187	193,621	175,955	5.8	6.1	6.9	7.3	6.6
At expanding establishments	128,318	131,545	148,840	167,279	144,867	5.0	5.1	5.7	6.3	5.4
At opening establishments	21,504	25,371	30,347	26,342	31,088	0.8	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.2
Gross job losses	131,516	153,791	142,682	146,914	127,316	5.2	6.0	5.4	5.6	4.7
At contracting establishments	117,140	136,619	126,016	107,878	110,665	4.6	5.3	4.8	4.1	4.1
At closing establishments	14,376	17,172	16,666	39,036	16,651	0.6	0.7	0.6	1.5	0.6
Net employment change (2)	18,306	3,125	36,505	46,707	48,639	0.6	0.1	1.5	1.7	1.9
Construction
Gross job gains	11,036	9,798	11,604	13,974	13,592	8.2	7.2	8.6	10.0	9.5
At expanding establishments	9,386	8,182	9,684	12,139	10,762	7.0	6.0	7.2	8.7	7.5
At opening establishments	1,650	1,616	1,920	1,835	2,830	1.2	1.2	1.4	1.3	2.0
Gross job losses	8,705	10,270	9,276	9,910	9,401	6.4	7.6	6.8	7.1	6.5
At contracting establishments	7,703	9,216	8,158	6,862	8,215	5.7	6.8	6.0	4.9	5.7
At closing establishments	1,002	1,054	1,118	3,048	1,186	0.7	0.8	0.8	2.2	0.8
Net employment change (2)	2,331	-472	2,328	4,064	4,191	1.8	-0.4	1.8	2.9	3.0
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	11,799	11,596	13,661	17,465	12,969	3.4	3.4	3.9	4.9	3.6
At expanding establishments	10,872	10,712	12,576	16,262	11,830	3.1	3.1	3.6	4.6	3.3
At opening establishments	927	884	1,085	1,203	1,139	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Gross job losses	8,949	12,389	13,212	9,362	9,020	2.6	3.6	3.8	2.6	2.6
At contracting establishments	8,405	11,480	12,214	7,860	7,757	2.4	3.3	3.5	2.2	2.2
At closing establishments	544	909	998	1,502	1,263	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4
Net employment change (2)	2,850	-793	449	8,103	3,949	0.8	-0.2	0.1	2.3	1.0
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	5,272	5,814	7,080	7,923	6,494	4.5	4.9	5.9	6.5	5.1
At expanding establishments	4,560	4,908	5,791	6,602	5,244	3.9	4.1	4.8	5.4	4.1
At opening establishments	712	906	1,289	1,321	1,250	0.6	0.8	1.1	1.1	1.0
Gross job losses	3,873	4,493	4,957	6,050	5,038	3.3	3.7	4.0	4.9	4.0
At contracting establishments	3,155	3,722	3,927	4,269	3,641	2.7	3.1	3.2	3.5	2.9
At closing establishments	718	771	1,030	1,781	1,397	0.6	0.6	0.8	1.4	1.1
Net employment change (2)	1,399	1,321	2,123	1,873	1,456	1.2	1.2	1.9	1.6	1.1
Retail trade
Gross job gains	22,473	18,560	20,220	20,582	24,874	6.7	5.5	6.0	6.2	7.3
At expanding establishments	19,699	16,078	18,086	18,289	22,539	5.9	4.8	5.4	5.5	6.6
At opening establishments	2,774	2,482	2,134	2,293	2,335	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7
Gross job losses	16,717	23,813	19,554	18,002	14,623	5.0	7.1	5.8	5.4	4.4
At contracting establishments	15,122	22,365	18,200	14,617	13,089	4.5	6.7	5.4	4.4	3.9
At closing establishments	1,595	1,448	1,354	3,385	1,534	0.5	0.4	0.4	1.0	0.5
Net employment change (2)	5,756	-5,253	666	2,580	10,251	1.7	-1.6	0.2	0.8	2.9
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	9,003	9,116	11,282	15,265	8,719	4.7	4.8	6.0	7.8	4.3
At expanding establishments	8,089	6,882	9,107	14,204	7,815	4.2	3.6	4.8	7.3	3.9
At opening establishments	914	2,234	2,175	1,061	904	0.5	1.2	1.2	0.5	0.4
Gross job losses	12,389	11,698	8,883	6,370	8,189	6.4	6.2	4.7	3.3	4.0
At contracting establishments	11,760	11,174	8,125	5,223	7,725	6.1	5.9	4.3	2.7	3.8
At closing establishments	629	524	758	1,147	464	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.2
Net employment change (2)	-3,386	-2,582	2,399	8,895	530	-1.7	-1.4	1.3	4.5	0.3
Information
Gross job gains	3,992	4,352	5,504	4,011	5,209	9.2	9.7	11.7	8.3	10.2
At expanding establishments	3,139	3,111	3,725	3,009	3,920	7.2	6.9	7.9	6.2	7.7
At opening establishments	853	1,241	1,779	1,002	1,289	2.0	2.8	3.8	2.1	2.5
Gross job losses	2,905	2,512	2,518	4,088	2,558	6.7	5.6	5.4	8.4	5.1
At contracting establishments	2,302	2,149	1,975	2,618	1,712	5.3	4.8	4.2	5.4	3.4
At closing establishments	603	363	543	1,470	846	1.4	0.8	1.2	3.0	1.7
Net employment change (2)	1,087	1,840	2,986	-77	2,651	2.5	4.1	6.3	-0.1	5.1
Financial activities
Gross job gains	7,602	7,998	10,436	9,947	9,647	4.8	5.1	6.5	6.1	6.0
At expanding establishments	6,259	6,456	8,125	8,314	7,723	4.0	4.1	5.1	5.1	4.8
At opening establishments	1,343	1,542	2,311	1,633	1,924	0.8	1.0	1.4	1.0	1.2
Gross job losses	6,887	7,910	8,216	8,983	6,988	4.4	5.0	5.1	5.5	4.3
At contracting establishments	5,650	6,492	6,939	6,015	5,675	3.6	4.1	4.3	3.7	3.5
At closing establishments	1,237	1,418	1,277	2,968	1,313	0.8	0.9	0.8	1.8	0.8
Net employment change (2)	715	88	2,220	964	2,659	0.4	0.1	1.4	0.6	1.7
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	29,531	32,223	37,478	40,837	35,417	6.9	7.5	8.6	9.1	7.8
At expanding establishments	25,643	26,280	30,423	35,300	29,110	6.0	6.1	7.0	7.9	6.4
At opening establishments	3,888	5,943	7,055	5,537	6,307	0.9	1.4	1.6	1.2	1.4
Gross job losses	27,978	33,944	28,468	31,038	25,343	6.5	7.8	6.5	7.0	5.5
At contracting establishments	24,614	29,991	24,569	21,154	22,465	5.7	6.9	5.6	4.8	4.9
At closing establishments	3,364	3,953	3,899	9,884	2,878	0.8	0.9	0.9	2.2	0.6
Net employment change (2)	1,553	-1,721	9,010	9,799	10,074	0.4	-0.3	2.1	2.1	2.3
Education and health services
Gross job gains	16,377	17,839	18,114	20,649	19,543	3.9	4.2	4.2	4.8	4.6
At expanding establishments	14,361	15,532	15,049	17,128	16,145	3.4	3.7	3.5	4.0	3.8
At opening establishments	2,016	2,307	3,065	3,521	3,398	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8
Gross job losses	15,634	17,781	18,220	20,518	16,363	3.7	4.2	4.3	4.8	3.8
At contracting establishments	13,911	15,770	15,758	14,966	14,256	3.3	3.7	3.7	3.5	3.3
At closing establishments	1,723	2,011	2,462	5,552	2,107	0.4	0.5	0.6	1.3	0.5
Net employment change (2)	743	58	-106	131	3,180	0.2	0.0	-0.1	0.0	0.8
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	26,085	31,866	35,930	33,646	29,961	8.6	10.3	11.3	10.2	8.9
At expanding establishments	20,896	27,147	30,008	28,411	23,823	6.9	8.8	9.4	8.6	7.1
At opening establishments	5,189	4,719	5,922	5,235	6,138	1.7	1.5	1.9	1.6	1.8
Gross job losses	21,470	22,769	22,948	25,470	23,201	7.1	7.4	7.2	7.7	6.9
At contracting establishments	19,339	18,973	20,593	19,445	20,445	6.4	6.2	6.5	5.9	6.1
At closing establishments	2,131	3,796	2,355	6,025	2,756	0.7	1.2	0.7	1.8	0.8
Net employment change (2)	4,615	9,097	12,982	8,176	6,760	1.5	2.9	4.1	2.5	2.0
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	5,203	6,257	6,331	7,012	5,986	7.6	9.0	8.9	9.7	8.2
At expanding establishments	4,199	5,271	5,205	6,018	4,516	6.1	7.6	7.3	8.3	6.2
At opening establishments	1,004	986	1,126	994	1,470	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.4	2.0
Gross job losses	4,935	4,424	5,160	5,636	5,385	7.2	6.3	7.3	7.8	7.3
At contracting establishments	4,239	3,719	4,378	3,959	4,614	6.2	5.3	6.2	5.5	6.3
At closing establishments	696	705	782	1,677	771	1.0	1.0	1.1	2.3	1.0
Net employment change (2)	268	1,833	1,171	1,376	601	0.4	2.7	1.6	1.9	0.9
Footnotes: (1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information. (3) Except public administration.