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News Release Information

20-878-SAN
Tuesday, May 11, 2021

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (415) 625-2270

Business Employment Dynamics in Hawaii – Third Quarter 2020

From June 2020 to September 2020, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Hawaii were 29,478, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 51,061, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Chris Rosenlund noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment loss of 21,583 jobs in the private sector during the third quarter of 2020. During the previous quarter, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 124,188. (See chart 1.)

Chart 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses in Hawaii, September 2015-September 2020, seasonally adjusted

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the third quarter of 2020, gross job gains represented 7.4 percent of private-sector employment in Hawaii; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 9.4 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Hawaii, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 22,801 in the third quarter of 2020, an increase of 10,417 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 6,677 jobs gained in the third quarter of 2020, an increase of 1,979 jobs from the previous quarter.

Chart 2. Private sector gross job gains as a percent of employment, United States and Hawaii, September 2015-September 2020, seasonally adjusted
Gross job losses

In the third quarter of 2020, gross job losses represented 12.7 percent of private-sector employment in Hawaii; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 6.0 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Hawaii, contracting establishments lost 39,747 jobs in the third quarter of 2020, a decrease of 77,254 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 11,314 jobs, a decrease of 12,955 jobs from the previous quarter.

Chart 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses in Hawaii, September 2015-September 2020, seasonally adjusted
Industries

Gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in the eight industry sectors in Hawaii in the third quarter of 2020. Leisure and hospitality had the largest over-the-quarter net job decrease, with a loss of 10,368 jobs. This was the result of 6,133 gross job gains and 16,501 gross job losses. Retail trade showed the second largest net loss of 4,776 jobs, followed by professional and business services (-2,268), other services (-1,794), and construction (-1,538).

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Fourth Quarter 2020 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, July 28, 2021.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Effect on Third Quarter 2020 Business Employment Dynamics

Data collection and processing methods have been impacted because of the COVID-19 pandemic. More detail can be found at www.bls.gov/covid19/effects-of-covid-19-pandemic-on-business-employment-dynamics.htm.


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are either units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Hawaii, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains and job losses
(3 months ended)
Gross job gains and job losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Sept
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
June
2020
Sept
2020
Sept
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
June
2020
Sept
2020

Total private (1)

Gross job gains

29,73130,15027,99917,08229,4785.65.75.23.67.4

At expanding establishments

24,62822,83222,95912,38422,8014.64.34.32.65.7

At opening establishments

5,1037,3185,0404,6986,6771.01.40.91.01.7

Gross job losses

27,69927,91231,192141,27051,0615.25.25.829.812.7

At contracting establishments

21,20921,29225,195117,00139,7474.04.04.724.79.9

At closing establishments

6,4906,6205,99724,26911,3141.21.21.15.12.8

Net employment change (2)

2,0322,238-3,193-124,188-21,5830.40.5-0.6-26.2-5.3

Construction

Gross job gains

2,9413,1032,8302,9072,5928.08.47.67.97.2

At expanding establishments

2,3732,6262,4152,2822,2246.57.16.56.26.2

At opening establishments

5684774156253681.51.31.11.71.0

Gross job losses

3,0432,8523,1583,0884,1308.37.78.68.411.5

At contracting establishments

2,4542,2472,4362,5383,4406.76.16.66.99.6

At closing establishments

5896057225506901.61.62.01.51.9

Net employment change (2)

-102251-328-181-1,538-0.30.7-1.0-0.5-4.3

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains

6617416714037043.64.13.72.34.5

At expanding establishments

5565835452955193.03.23.01.73.3

At opening establishments

1051581261081850.60.90.70.61.2

Gross job losses

8857807452,5891,1814.84.34.215.37.5

At contracting establishments

6634965681,9978953.62.73.211.85.7

At closing establishments

2222841775922861.21.61.03.51.8

Net employment change (2)

-224-39-74-2,186-477-1.2-0.2-0.5-13.0-3.0

Retail trade

Gross job gains

3,5263,5353,4632,8913,8955.05.04.94.56.8

At expanding establishments

3,0432,9462,9712,5023,3624.34.24.23.95.9

At opening establishments

4835894923895330.70.80.70.60.9

Gross job losses

4,0534,3163,74616,2318,6715.76.15.325.115.2

At contracting establishments

3,4863,6843,04012,8166,6294.95.24.319.811.6

At closing establishments

5676327063,4152,0420.80.91.05.33.6

Net employment change (2)

-527-781-283-13,340-4,776-0.7-1.1-0.4-20.6-8.4

Financial activities

Gross job gains

1,3561,4481,0479461,2344.64.93.63.44.8

At expanding establishments

1,0681,1268406611,0033.63.82.92.43.9

At opening establishments

2883222072852311.01.10.71.00.9

Gross job losses

1,5781,2591,3584,2821,9485.44.34.615.57.6

At contracting establishments

1,0918879993,3921,3143.73.03.412.35.1

At closing establishments

4873723598906341.71.31.23.22.5

Net employment change (2)

-222189-311-3,336-714-0.80.6-1.0-12.1-2.8

Professional and business services

Gross job gains

4,8624,6634,2072,9204,1636.66.35.64.26.6

At expanding establishments

3,7593,5703,4482,0063,1325.14.84.62.95.0

At opening establishments

1,1031,0937599141,0311.51.51.01.31.6

Gross job losses

4,3874,4074,69414,0696,4315.95.96.320.410.2

At contracting establishments

2,9213,1263,80410,5744,4233.94.25.115.37.0

At closing establishments

1,4661,2818903,4952,0082.01.71.25.13.2

Net employment change (2)

475256-487-11,149-2,2680.70.4-0.7-16.2-3.6

Education and health services

Gross job gains

4,8713,3193,6602,0714,6135.63.84.12.45.8

At expanding establishments

4,1762,7903,0241,6103,5014.83.23.41.94.4

At opening establishments

6955296364611,1120.80.60.70.51.4

Gross job losses

2,8333,2753,9969,1604,6823.33.74.510.95.9

At contracting establishments

2,3092,5893,1757,6353,7442.72.93.69.14.7

At closing establishments

5246868211,5259380.60.80.91.81.2

Net employment change (2)

2,03844-336-7,089-692.30.1-0.4-8.5-0.1

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains

5,8836,4314,7742,1046,1334.65.13.82.310.7

At expanding establishments

4,9975,2753,6051,3064,6423.94.22.91.48.1

At opening establishments

8861,1561,1697981,4910.70.90.90.92.6

Gross job losses

5,7965,6667,65566,16616,5014.54.56.170.728.9

At contracting establishments

4,4704,4236,56156,31314,1633.53.55.260.224.8

At closing establishments

1,3261,2431,0949,8532,3381.01.00.910.54.1

Net employment change (2)

87765-2,881-64,062-10,3680.10.6-2.3-68.4-18.2

Other services (3)

Gross job gains

1,3421,5661,3027931,3695.05.95.03.46.9

At expanding establishments

1,0631,1499725151,0084.04.33.72.25.1

At opening establishments

2794173302783611.01.61.31.21.8

Gross job losses

1,5481,6701,6436,7473,1635.76.26.228.816.0

At contracting establishments

1,1921,0501,1905,0141,9704.43.94.521.410.0

At closing establishments

3566204531,7331,1931.32.31.77.46.0

Net employment change (2)

-206-104-341-5,954-1,794-0.7-0.3-1.2-25.4-9.1

Footnotes:
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
(3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Gross job losses as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Sept.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
June
2020
Sept.
2020
Sept.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
June
2020
Sept.
2020

United States(1)

5.96.25.54.89.45.85.56.117.06.0

Alabama

5.86.25.54.87.85.95.55.912.65.9

Alaska

9.610.39.26.912.210.110.29.524.59.9

Arizona

6.36.45.65.77.94.95.25.911.76.2

Arkansas

5.66.55.14.87.55.84.95.512.05.6

California

6.36.86.15.28.76.06.06.718.67.3

Colorado

6.66.76.35.810.06.46.27.014.96.3

Connecticut

5.55.55.24.311.25.85.65.919.75.1

Delaware

6.26.76.24.910.36.36.26.617.76.3

District of Columbia

5.55.45.23.38.35.34.75.322.45.8

Florida

6.66.65.46.19.55.85.96.213.96.8

Georgia

6.26.55.65.49.26.05.55.915.06.4

Hawaii

5.65.75.23.67.45.25.25.829.812.7

Idaho

7.07.77.66.48.46.86.36.111.26.5

Illinois

5.05.65.04.69.75.65.26.018.45.6

Indiana

5.46.04.94.78.35.65.16.013.75.4

Iowa

5.35.85.24.47.45.75.55.913.05.6

Kansas

5.66.35.45.07.95.75.76.013.36.0

Kentucky

5.96.25.34.68.85.75.66.115.35.0

Louisiana

5.95.95.34.58.86.15.76.316.97.2

Maine

6.57.36.45.412.07.36.97.021.76.0

Maryland

6.26.45.74.711.06.35.96.721.95.9

Massachusetts

5.35.85.23.712.55.95.66.024.25.6

Michigan

5.15.85.04.010.95.95.35.720.74.8

Minnesota

5.45.85.04.39.05.85.65.617.65.4

Mississippi

5.76.25.65.18.75.75.66.212.95.5

Missouri

5.86.25.24.78.55.85.35.714.35.7

Montana

7.48.67.76.89.97.77.27.713.87.2

Nebraska

5.76.25.84.98.15.55.86.112.15.9

Nevada

6.16.85.45.312.85.55.06.329.26.4

New Hampshire

5.86.66.04.511.96.66.06.418.85.1

New Jersey

6.06.55.74.615.76.25.86.328.15.8

New Mexico

6.87.06.14.58.36.16.36.517.66.0

New York

5.86.05.53.913.35.95.76.426.95.9

North Carolina

5.86.35.84.88.56.05.45.714.55.6

North Dakota

6.56.76.85.28.87.16.67.017.26.9

Ohio

5.35.75.14.57.75.95.35.614.45.3

Oklahoma

6.46.55.45.66.86.26.26.712.36.4

Oregon

6.26.76.25.09.06.25.86.518.46.2

Pennsylvania

5.25.44.93.610.35.14.95.618.25.0

Rhode Island

6.06.56.14.512.96.25.96.525.25.3

South Carolina

6.06.55.55.18.85.95.96.614.96.1

South Dakota

5.96.46.05.18.66.05.86.611.65.5

Tennessee

5.55.74.94.48.15.15.05.313.75.4

Texas

5.96.05.04.77.25.35.15.513.66.0

Utah

6.86.86.66.59.16.36.36.410.96.2

Vermont

6.36.95.84.612.37.66.47.618.55.7

Virginia

5.56.55.64.710.26.35.56.118.25.3

Washington

6.16.67.44.98.96.15.87.416.96.2

West Virginia

5.96.26.05.18.86.77.16.813.87.0

Wisconsin

4.85.45.04.47.65.95.05.314.45.2

Wyoming

8.69.48.66.410.78.98.79.318.17.7

Puerto Rico

5.95.45.04.011.05.54.95.216.95.1

Virgin Islands

12.010.37.25.38.46.47.38.319.812.3

Footnotes
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.

 

Last Modified Date: Tuesday, May 11, 2021