Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Leisure and hospitality (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September -1.0 8.9 6.2 2.7 9.9 7.9 2.0 December -4.2 9.2 6.6 2.6 13.4 10.3 3.1 1993 March -0.6 9.8 6.4 3.4 10.4 7.7 2.7 June 9.0 16.9 12.8 4.1 7.9 5.9 2.0 September -1.0 8.8 6.3 2.5 9.8 7.9 1.9 December -3.5 9.4 6.8 2.6 12.9 10.0 2.9 1994 March -0.2 9.5 6.6 2.9 9.7 7.4 2.3 June 8.5 16.5 12.3 4.2 8.0 6.0 2.0 September -1.2 8.9 6.3 2.6 10.1 8.3 1.8 December -3.7 9.2 6.7 2.5 12.9 9.9 3.0 1995 March 0.4 10.0 7.0 3.0 9.6 7.3 2.3 June 8.6 16.3 12.3 4.0 7.7 6.0 1.7 September -1.5 8.7 6.3 2.4 10.2 8.2 2.0 December -4.0 9.2 6.7 2.5 13.2 10.1 3.1 1996 March -0.3 9.6 6.6 3.0 9.9 7.4 2.5 June 8.0 16.1 12.1 4.0 8.1 6.2 1.9 September -1.9 8.5 6.0 2.5 10.4 8.5 1.9 December -3.3 9.6 6.9 2.7 12.9 9.9 3.0 1997 March -0.3 9.5 6.6 2.9 9.8 7.5 2.3 June 7.8 15.6 11.7 3.9 7.8 6.0 1.8 September -1.9 8.6 6.2 2.4 10.5 8.4 2.1 December -3.8 9.0 6.5 2.5 12.8 9.7 3.1 1998 March -0.7 9.4 6.4 3.0 10.1 7.3 2.8 June 8.2 16.0 11.8 4.2 7.8 6.0 1.8 September -1.7 8.2 5.9 2.3 9.9 7.9 2.0 December -3.3 9.0 6.7 2.3 12.3 9.5 2.8 1999 March -0.5 9.5 6.6 2.9 10.0 7.2 2.8 June 8.2 15.7 11.9 3.8 7.5 5.8 1.7 September -1.7 8.2 6.0 2.2 9.9 8.1 1.8 December -2.9 8.9 6.8 2.1 11.8 9.2 2.6 2000 March -0.3 8.9 6.4 2.5 9.2 7.0 2.2 June 7.5 14.9 11.5 3.4 7.4 5.8 1.6 September -1.9 7.9 5.8 2.1 9.8 8.0 1.8 December -3.5 8.4 6.3 2.1 11.9 9.4 2.5 2001 March -1.4 8.9 6.4 2.5 10.3 7.0 3.3 June 7.2 14.9 11.4 3.5 7.7 5.9 1.8 September -3.0 7.3 5.2 2.1 10.3 8.5 1.8 December -4.5 7.9 5.8 2.1 12.4 9.9 2.5 2002 March -0.2 9.0 6.3 2.7 9.2 7.0 2.2 June 8.1 15.1 11.5 3.6 7.0 5.5 1.5 September -2.1 7.4 5.5 1.9 9.5 7.9 1.6 December -3.8 7.9 5.9 2.0 11.7 9.4 2.3 2003 March -1.2 7.9 5.6 2.3 9.1 7.1 2.0 June 7.6 14.5 11.3 3.2 6.9 5.5 1.4 September -1.8 7.3 5.4 1.9 9.1 7.6 1.5 December -3.3 8.0 5.9 2.1 11.3 9.0 2.3 2004 March -0.3 8.1 5.8 2.3 8.4 6.5 1.9 June 7.6 14.3 11.1 3.2 6.7 5.3 1.4 September -1.6 7.4 5.4 2.0 9.0 7.4 1.6 December -3.3 8.0 5.9 2.1 11.3 9.0 2.3 2005 March -0.4 7.9 5.7 2.2 8.3 6.5 1.8 June 7.6 14.3 11.1 3.2 6.7 5.3 1.4 September -2.2 7.4 5.4 2.0 9.6 7.9 1.7 December -3.7 7.9 5.9 2.0 11.6 9.4 2.2 2006 March 0.6 8.4 6.1 2.3 7.8 6.1 1.7 June 7.0 14.0 11.0 3.0 7.0 5.6 1.4 September -2.0 7.2 5.3 1.9 9.2 7.7 1.5 December -2.8 7.9 6.0 1.9 10.7 8.6 2.1 2007 March -0.2 7.8 5.7 2.1 8.0 6.4 1.6 June 7.1 14.0 11.0 3.0 6.9 5.5 1.4 September -2.4 7.0 5.2 1.8 9.4 7.9 1.5 December -2.9 7.8 5.9 1.9 10.7 8.6 2.1 2008 March -0.7 7.5 5.4 2.1 8.2 6.4 1.8 June 6.4 13.5 10.6 2.9 7.1 5.7 1.4 September -3.2 6.6 4.9 1.7 9.8 8.2 1.6 December -4.7 7.1 5.3 1.8 11.8 9.5 2.3 2009 March -2.0 6.8 4.9 1.9 8.8 7.1 1.7 June 6.3 13.2 10.3 2.9 6.9 5.6 1.3 September -2.7 6.3 4.7 1.6 9.0 7.6 1.4 December -4.4 6.8 5.1 1.7 11.2 9.1 2.1 2010 March -0.8 6.8 5.0 1.8 7.6 6.0 1.6 June 7.4 13.6 10.8 2.8 6.2 5.1 1.1 September -1.7 6.7 5.1 1.6 8.4 7.1 1.3 December -3.3 7.3 5.5 1.8 10.6 8.6 2.0 2011 March -0.1 6.9 5.1 1.8 7.0 5.5 1.5 June 7.2 13.6 10.7 2.9 6.4 5.2 1.2 September -1.5 7.0 5.3 1.7 8.5 7.2 1.3 December -3.5 7.0 5.2 1.8 10.5 8.4 2.1 2012 March 1.0 7.7 5.8 1.9 6.7 5.2 1.5 June 7.4 13.5 10.7 2.8 6.1 5.0 1.1 September -2.1 6.6 5.0 1.6 8.7 7.4 1.3 December -2.9 7.1 5.4 1.7 10.0 8.0 2.0 2013 March 0.4 7.4 5.6 1.8 7.0 5.5 1.5 June 7.6 13.6 10.9 2.7 6.0 4.9 1.1 September -2.1 6.5 4.9 1.6 8.6 7.4 1.2 December -2.8 7.1 5.5 1.6 9.9 8.0 1.9 2014 March 0.1 7.0 5.3 1.7 6.9 5.5 1.4 June 7.3 13.4 10.8 2.6 6.1 5.0 1.1 September -2.3 6.5 5.0 1.5 8.8 7.5 1.3 December -2.6 7.2 5.6 1.6 9.8 7.9 1.9 2015 March 0.2 7.1 5.3 1.8 6.9 5.5 1.4 June 7.2 13.4 10.8 2.6 6.2 5.1 1.1 September -1.8 6.6 5.1 1.5 8.4 7.2 1.2 December -2.4 7.4 5.8 1.6 9.8 8.0 1.8 2016 March 0.0 7.0 5.4 1.6 7.0 5.6 1.4 June 6.7 13.0 10.5 2.5 6.3 5.2 1.1 September -1.9 6.8 5.2 1.6 8.7 7.5 1.2 December -3.0 7.0 5.4 1.6 10.0 8.2 1.8 2017 March 0.5 7.2 5.5 1.7 6.7 5.4 1.3 June 6.5 13.0 10.5 2.5 6.5 5.4 1.1 September -3.0 6.4 4.9 1.5 9.4 8.1 1.3 December -2.2 7.4 5.8 1.6 9.6 7.8 1.8 2018 March 0.2 6.9 5.3 1.6 6.7 5.5 1.2 June 6.2 12.7 10.4 2.3 6.5 5.4 1.1 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.