Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Performing Arts, Spectator Sports, and Related Industries (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September -2.5 13.4 10.6 2.8 15.9 12.1 3.8 December -6.9 15.2 12.2 3.0 22.1 17.1 5.0 1993 March -4.2 13.2 9.6 3.6 17.4 11.1 6.3 June 10.7 26.1 21.0 5.1 15.4 12.0 3.4 September -1.9 14.1 11.5 2.6 16.0 13.1 2.9 December -5.2 17.1 13.5 3.6 22.3 17.7 4.6 1994 March -3.2 14.2 11.2 3.0 17.4 11.2 6.2 June 10.8 26.8 21.6 5.2 16.0 12.2 3.8 September -2.3 15.2 12.4 2.8 17.5 14.6 2.9 December -9.0 15.8 12.5 3.3 24.8 19.4 5.4 1995 March -2.7 15.8 11.6 4.2 18.5 13.0 5.5 June 14.2 29.8 24.2 5.6 15.6 12.3 3.3 September -2.5 15.5 12.4 3.1 18.0 14.2 3.8 December -7.1 17.6 13.9 3.7 24.7 19.6 5.1 1996 March -4.1 15.0 11.1 3.9 19.1 12.6 6.5 June 13.8 29.9 24.0 5.9 16.1 12.4 3.7 September -1.9 15.7 12.3 3.4 17.6 14.1 3.5 December -7.1 18.2 14.0 4.2 25.3 20.2 5.1 1997 March -2.1 15.7 11.9 3.8 17.8 13.2 4.6 June 13.4 30.9 25.2 5.7 17.5 14.5 3.0 September -2.6 17.1 13.7 3.4 19.7 15.8 3.9 December -7.9 18.6 14.4 4.2 26.5 21.1 5.4 1998 March -3.5 15.8 11.5 4.3 19.3 13.4 5.9 June 15.9 32.7 26.2 6.5 16.8 13.3 3.5 September -3.4 16.5 13.6 2.9 19.9 15.9 4.0 December -9.3 18.5 14.7 3.8 27.8 22.4 5.4 1999 March -4.2 16.1 12.2 3.9 20.3 13.5 6.8 June 16.4 32.2 26.1 6.1 15.8 13.3 2.5 September -1.5 16.2 13.1 3.1 17.7 14.6 3.1 December -6.0 19.5 15.6 3.9 25.5 21.1 4.4 2000 March -1.0 15.7 12.0 3.7 16.7 12.6 4.1 June 13.6 29.6 24.3 5.3 16.0 13.4 2.6 September -0.8 16.6 13.7 2.9 17.4 14.5 2.9 December -9.2 16.7 13.0 3.7 25.9 21.7 4.2 2001 March -2.2 14.6 11.3 3.3 16.8 12.4 4.4 June 14.0 30.2 24.6 5.6 16.2 13.6 2.6 September -5.4 13.9 11.3 2.6 19.3 16.4 2.9 December -7.2 18.0 14.1 3.9 25.2 20.9 4.3 2002 March -1.0 15.8 12.7 3.1 16.8 12.6 4.2 June 13.2 30.4 25.0 5.4 17.2 14.4 2.8 September -0.4 16.8 13.7 3.1 17.2 14.6 2.6 December -9.2 17.4 13.7 3.7 26.6 22.5 4.1 2003 March -2.5 14.4 11.6 2.8 16.9 12.5 4.4 June 12.9 29.5 24.6 4.9 16.6 13.7 2.9 September -2.8 15.1 12.6 2.5 17.9 15.3 2.6 December -5.5 19.0 15.3 3.7 24.5 20.5 4.0 2004 March -3.2 13.8 10.9 2.9 17.0 12.7 4.3 June 14.1 30.0 24.8 5.2 15.9 13.3 2.6 September -1.1 16.3 13.7 2.6 17.4 14.3 3.1 December -8.6 17.9 14.2 3.7 26.5 22.9 3.6 2005 March -4.3 14.3 11.2 3.1 18.6 13.5 5.1 June 14.0 30.4 25.2 5.2 16.4 13.3 3.1 September 0.8 17.2 14.4 2.8 16.4 13.8 2.6 December -9.7 16.5 12.9 3.6 26.2 22.5 3.7 2006 March -1.0 15.5 12.1 3.4 16.5 12.0 4.5 June 13.5 29.6 24.7 4.9 16.1 13.6 2.5 September -0.2 16.3 13.8 2.5 16.5 13.9 2.6 December -7.4 17.5 13.9 3.6 24.9 21.0 3.9 2007 March -1.6 14.4 11.4 3.0 16.0 12.1 3.9 June 12.7 28.8 24.4 4.4 16.1 13.8 2.3 September -1.1 15.6 13.1 2.5 16.7 14.0 2.7 December -6.7 17.2 13.3 3.9 23.9 20.4 3.5 2008 March -2.8 13.4 10.6 2.8 16.2 12.0 4.2 June 12.0 28.2 23.8 4.4 16.2 13.4 2.8 September -2.0 15.0 12.7 2.3 17.0 14.5 2.5 December -7.6 17.1 13.1 4.0 24.7 21.0 3.7 2009 March -5.2 12.4 9.9 2.5 17.6 12.8 4.8 June 11.1 27.8 22.7 5.1 16.7 14.2 2.5 September -0.8 15.4 13.0 2.4 16.2 13.3 2.9 December -7.3 18.0 14.0 4.0 25.3 21.5 3.8 2010 March -4.1 13.2 10.5 2.7 17.3 13.1 4.2 June 11.8 28.6 24.1 4.5 16.8 14.7 2.1 September 0.1 16.5 14.1 2.4 16.4 13.7 2.7 December -7.2 18.7 14.8 3.9 25.9 22.1 3.8 2011 March -2.8 13.7 11.0 2.7 16.5 12.6 3.9 June 9.6 27.4 23.2 4.2 17.8 15.4 2.4 September 2.1 17.7 15.2 2.5 15.6 13.2 2.4 December -8.0 16.8 13.0 3.8 24.8 21.2 3.6 2012 March -0.1 16.4 13.6 2.8 16.5 12.4 4.1 June 11.6 28.2 23.7 4.5 16.6 14.7 1.9 September -2.4 15.1 12.9 2.2 17.5 14.7 2.8 December -5.7 18.4 14.6 3.8 24.1 20.6 3.5 2013 March -0.3 15.9 13.5 2.4 16.2 12.1 4.1 June 10.5 27.1 23.2 3.9 16.6 14.5 2.1 September 0.3 16.0 13.6 2.4 15.7 13.6 2.1 December -4.9 18.2 14.6 3.6 23.1 19.9 3.2 2014 March -1.0 14.4 12.2 2.2 15.4 11.5 3.9 June 11.2 26.8 23.2 3.6 15.6 13.6 2.0 September -1.2 14.9 13.0 1.9 16.1 13.6 2.5 December -5.4 17.2 13.6 3.6 22.6 19.9 2.7 2015 March -2.3 13.1 10.8 2.3 15.4 11.5 3.9 June 10.4 26.7 23.0 3.7 16.3 14.1 2.2 September 0.3 15.5 13.3 2.2 15.2 13.2 2.0 December -5.2 18.1 14.0 4.1 23.3 20.4 2.9 2016 March -2.7 13.9 11.9 2.0 16.6 12.6 4.0 June 11.5 27.5 24.2 3.3 16.0 14.1 1.9 September 1.4 16.5 14.4 2.1 15.1 12.8 2.3 December -8.6 15.8 12.4 3.4 24.4 21.6 2.8 2017 March -1.5 14.5 12.3 2.2 16.0 12.3 3.7 June 12.8 28.1 25.0 3.1 15.3 13.4 1.9 September -1.9 14.9 12.9 2.0 16.8 14.8 2.0 December -6.5 16.7 13.2 3.5 23.2 20.4 2.8 2018 March 0.4 15.1 13.0 2.1 14.7 11.3 3.4 June 9.4 25.2 22.2 3.0 15.8 14.1 1.7 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.