Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Personal and Laundry Services (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September -0.4 7.9 5.8 2.1 8.3 6.3 2.0 December 0.5 8.3 6.2 2.1 7.8 6.0 1.8 1993 March -1.5 8.0 5.7 2.3 9.5 7.1 2.4 June 2.1 9.7 7.5 2.2 7.6 5.8 1.8 September -0.8 7.5 5.5 2.0 8.3 6.4 1.9 December 0.3 8.0 6.2 1.8 7.7 6.1 1.6 1994 March -1.7 8.2 5.7 2.5 9.9 7.1 2.8 June 2.7 9.9 7.6 2.3 7.2 5.1 2.1 September -0.1 8.0 5.9 2.1 8.1 6.3 1.8 December 0.5 8.2 6.3 1.9 7.7 5.9 1.8 1995 March -1.0 8.3 5.9 2.4 9.3 7.0 2.3 June 2.8 9.8 7.5 2.3 7.0 5.1 1.9 September -0.4 7.7 5.9 1.8 8.1 6.2 1.9 December 0.3 8.3 6.4 1.9 8.0 6.1 1.9 1996 March -0.8 8.3 5.9 2.4 9.1 6.8 2.3 June 2.7 9.8 7.6 2.2 7.1 5.1 2.0 September -0.6 7.8 5.7 2.1 8.4 6.5 1.9 December 0.6 8.4 6.4 2.0 7.8 6.0 1.8 1997 March -0.8 8.4 6.1 2.3 9.2 7.0 2.2 June 2.5 9.8 7.6 2.2 7.3 5.3 2.0 September -0.5 7.9 6.1 1.8 8.4 6.3 2.1 December 0.3 8.6 6.5 2.1 8.3 6.1 2.2 1998 March -0.9 8.7 6.1 2.6 9.6 6.9 2.7 June 2.5 9.8 7.3 2.5 7.3 5.2 2.1 September -0.8 7.5 5.7 1.8 8.3 6.2 2.1 December 0.9 8.4 6.5 1.9 7.5 5.6 1.9 1999 March -1.3 8.2 5.8 2.4 9.5 6.9 2.6 June 2.6 9.7 7.4 2.3 7.1 5.3 1.8 September -0.9 7.8 6.0 1.8 8.7 6.4 2.3 December 0.8 8.4 6.4 2.0 7.6 5.6 2.0 2000 March -0.8 8.5 6.1 2.4 9.3 6.7 2.6 June 2.0 9.3 7.1 2.2 7.3 5.3 2.0 September -0.2 7.8 5.8 2.0 8.0 6.1 1.9 December 0.2 7.8 6.0 1.8 7.6 5.8 1.8 2001 March -0.9 8.3 6.0 2.3 9.2 6.8 2.4 June 2.4 9.1 7.0 2.1 6.7 5.0 1.7 September -1.0 7.4 5.5 1.9 8.4 6.5 1.9 December -0.9 7.3 5.5 1.8 8.2 6.1 2.1 2002 March -0.6 8.0 5.9 2.1 8.6 6.5 2.1 June 2.7 9.1 6.8 2.3 6.4 4.8 1.6 September -0.8 7.0 5.2 1.8 7.8 6.1 1.7 December 0.0 7.5 5.7 1.8 7.5 5.7 1.8 2003 March -1.3 7.5 5.3 2.2 8.8 6.6 2.2 June 2.0 8.7 6.5 2.2 6.7 4.9 1.8 September -0.8 7.0 5.2 1.8 7.8 6.0 1.8 December 0.0 7.4 5.5 1.9 7.4 5.8 1.6 2004 March -0.4 8.2 5.8 2.4 8.6 6.3 2.3 June 1.9 8.6 6.4 2.2 6.7 5.0 1.7 September -0.9 7.1 5.2 1.9 8.0 6.0 2.0 December 0.1 7.6 5.6 2.0 7.5 5.8 1.7 2005 March -0.5 8.0 5.7 2.3 8.5 6.3 2.2 June 2.1 8.9 6.6 2.3 6.8 5.1 1.7 September -1.1 7.1 5.2 1.9 8.2 6.1 2.1 December 0.0 7.7 5.6 2.1 7.7 5.9 1.8 2006 March -0.4 7.9 5.7 2.2 8.3 6.1 2.2 June 2.5 8.9 6.7 2.2 6.4 4.7 1.7 September -1.0 6.9 5.1 1.8 7.9 6.0 1.9 December 0.1 7.5 5.6 1.9 7.4 5.6 1.8 2007 March -0.3 7.8 5.7 2.1 8.1 6.0 2.1 June 2.6 8.9 6.8 2.1 6.3 4.7 1.6 September -0.8 7.0 5.1 1.9 7.8 6.0 1.8 December 0.3 7.5 5.6 1.9 7.2 5.5 1.7 2008 March -0.7 7.8 5.6 2.2 8.5 6.2 2.3 June 2.1 8.8 6.4 2.4 6.7 4.9 1.8 September -1.3 6.5 4.7 1.8 7.8 6.0 1.8 December -1.1 6.7 4.9 1.8 7.8 6.0 1.8 2009 March -2.4 6.5 4.7 1.8 8.9 6.7 2.2 June 1.2 7.8 5.8 2.0 6.6 4.9 1.7 September -1.6 6.0 4.4 1.6 7.6 5.8 1.8 December -0.4 6.6 4.9 1.7 7.0 5.3 1.7 2010 March -1.0 6.7 4.8 1.9 7.7 5.7 2.0 June 1.9 7.9 6.0 1.9 6.0 4.5 1.5 September -1.0 6.4 4.7 1.7 7.4 5.5 1.9 December 0.3 7.1 5.2 1.9 6.8 5.1 1.7 2011 March -0.2 7.2 5.2 2.0 7.4 5.5 1.9 June 2.4 8.3 6.3 2.0 5.9 4.3 1.6 September -0.5 6.6 4.8 1.8 7.1 5.4 1.7 December 0.1 6.8 5.0 1.8 6.7 5.1 1.6 2012 March 0.3 7.5 5.4 2.1 7.2 5.4 1.8 June 2.4 8.2 6.2 2.0 5.8 4.3 1.5 September -0.6 6.5 4.8 1.7 7.1 5.4 1.7 December 0.5 6.9 5.1 1.8 6.4 4.9 1.5 2013 March -0.3 7.0 5.1 1.9 7.3 5.4 1.9 June 2.3 8.2 6.2 2.0 5.9 4.4 1.5 September -0.5 6.5 4.8 1.7 7.0 5.3 1.7 December 0.3 6.9 5.1 1.8 6.6 5.0 1.6 2014 March -0.5 7.0 5.1 1.9 7.5 5.5 2.0 June 2.3 8.3 6.3 2.0 6.0 4.4 1.6 September -0.5 6.4 4.9 1.5 6.9 5.3 1.6 December 0.2 6.9 5.3 1.6 6.7 5.0 1.7 2015 March -0.6 6.9 4.9 2.0 7.5 5.6 1.9 June 2.8 8.5 6.6 1.9 5.7 4.2 1.5 September -0.2 6.6 5.0 1.6 6.8 5.2 1.6 December 0.6 7.1 5.4 1.7 6.5 5.0 1.5 2016 March -0.5 6.9 5.0 1.9 7.4 5.4 2.0 June 2.5 8.5 6.4 2.1 6.0 4.4 1.6 September -0.2 6.8 5.0 1.8 7.0 5.3 1.7 December 0.2 6.8 5.1 1.7 6.6 5.1 1.5 2017 March -0.6 6.9 5.0 1.9 7.5 5.5 2.0 June 2.3 8.5 6.4 2.1 6.2 4.5 1.7 September -1.1 6.5 4.8 1.7 7.6 5.8 1.8 December 0.5 7.2 5.5 1.7 6.7 5.0 1.7 2018 March -0.9 6.7 5.0 1.7 7.6 5.6 2.0 June 2.3 8.3 6.4 1.9 6.0 4.4 1.6 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.